八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)

一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）

1．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

A young husband ________（lose） his life in a war. He left behind his wife, Mary and his son, Jimmy. Mary and Jimmy were very poor and their life was very hard. The wife tried her best to look after her son with the best ________（educate）.

Jimmy studied hard and became ________ engineer. He moved to a city and found a good job there. He used to write letters and sent ________ to his mother. He went back home and visited his mother every year. ________, year by year, Jimmy didn't travel home to visit his mother with many different ________（excuse）.

When the mother died, Jimmy returned home ________（sad）. Jimmy saw a box in his mother's bedroom. He opened the box and found ________ in it. There was lots of money and a piece of paper. It said, \"My son. Here ________（be） the money you sent to me. I don't spend much money. I miss you a lot. Every time I hear a car passing by, I run out of the door. But it wasn't my son, I saved the money for you. You can use it ________ you get sick.\"

【答案】 lost；education；an；them；However；excuses；sadly；something；is；when/if 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Jimmy因为工作忙而没能经常和妈妈联系，直到妈妈去世，妈妈给他留了一些钱以备不时之需。

（1）句意：一位年轻的丈夫在战争中失去了生命。描述过去用一般过去时，lose的过去式lost，故填lost。

（2）句意： 妻子尽力照顾儿子，给他最好的教。best是形容词，其后应是名词，educate的名词是education ，故填 education 。

（3）句意：Jimmy努力学习，成为了一名工程师。engineer是用元音音素开头的单数名词，故用不定冠词an表示泛指一个，故填an。

（4）句意： 他过去常写信并邮寄给他母亲。send sth to sb，固定搭配，把某物邮寄给某人，故send后去是宾语，此处是宾格them指代letters，故填them。

（5）句意：一年又一年，吉米没有回家看望他母亲，但有很多不同的借口。此处表示转折，位于逗号前，故用however，故填 However。

（6）句意：一年又一年，吉米没有回家看望他母亲，但有很多不同的借口。many修饰名词复数 ，故填 excuses。

（7）句意：当他的妈妈去世时他悲伤地回到家。副词修饰动词returned，sad的副词是sadly，故填sadly。

（8）句意：他打开盒子发现里面有些东西。肯定句用something表示某物，故填 something。

（9）句意：这是你寄给我的钱。描述客观事实用一般现在时，money是不可数名词，故be动词是is，故填is。

（10）句意：如果/当你生命的时候你可以用它。根据时态是主将从现，可知此处是时间状语从句或条件状语从句，故引导词 when/if 均可，故填 when/if 。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

2．根据短文内容及括号内所给单词的提示填空 Hi Karen,

In the morning I went shopping with Morn. First I bought some fruit. I bought some ________（watermelon）, bananas and oranges. Then I bought some vegetables. I. bought some onions, carrots, potatoes and ________ （lettuce）. I also bought a lot of bread ________ （piece）. I bought much ________ （cheese） and yogurt as well. I bought many hamburgers and ________ （sandwich）, too. Why did I buy so much food? Oh, some of them are for my brother Ted's birthday party. The party is at 6:00 p.m. tomorrow. If you ________ （be） free, come to the party. I would be glad if you ________（join） us. Well, this afternoon my cousin Emma might ________ （visit） me, but I' m not sure. If she comes, I ________ （call） you. Then we can fly kites together in the park. Please ________（wait） for my phone call. Susan

3．根据短文内容、所给首字母提示及括号内所给单词的提示填空 Can you make a delicious turkey sandwich? I will tell you how to make one.

B________you begin your work make sure that you have all the ingredients （原料）. You need some bread,________（onion）, butter and so on F ________, you should put some ________ （butter） on two pieces of bread. Then, cut up a tomato and an onion. A________ that, put them on the bread. N________, add two slices （薄片） of ________ （turkey）. Finally, add two ________ （spoon） of relish （调味品） to the turkey. Now you can enjoy the delicious turkey sandwich.

4．语法填空

The Earth is a planet. It and seven other planets go ________ the Sun. We ________ （call）the eight planets and the Sun the solar system. ________ first planet, next to the Sun, is Mercury（水星）. It is 58 million ________ （kilometer）from the Sun. Venus（金星）is the second planet from the Sun, and ________ （we）planet, the Earth, is the third. It is 150 million kilometers from the Sun.

Jupiter（木星）, Saturn（土星）, Neptune（海王星）and Uranus（天王星）are all ________ （big）than the Earth, ________ Venus, Mars and Mercury are smaller than the Earth. Animals, trees and humans can only live ________ the Earth-the other planets in our solar system do not have air ________ water. Do any planets in other solar systems have ________ （life）? We don't know about it.

5．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词或词组）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卷的相应位置。

Now more and more Chinese teenagers find life more difficult without their parents. They don't know how ________（do） housework ________ their parents almost do everything at

home. That is a big problem.

Joy is a fourteen-year-old girl. One day, her parents went away on a trip, so she was alone at home. At first she ________（think） she would be happy because her parents were not in. She could do what she liked. But when it was six o'clock in the afternoon, she felt ________（hunger）.\"Oh, it's time ________（have） dinner. Where can I get my dinner?\" she said to ________（she）. Later she found some meat and vegetables in the fridge, ________ she didn't know how to cook them. At that moment, she missed her parents very much. At last she could only go to the supermarket to buy some food to eat.

Many teenagers have ________ same problem. So I think they should learn some life skills, like ________（cook）, tidying up their rooms or dressing themselves. They shouldn't depend ________ their parents too much.

6．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

A young husband ________（lose） his life in a war. He left behind his wife, Mary and his son, Jimmy. Mary and Jimmy were very poor and their life was very hard. The wife tried her best to look after her son with the best ________（educate）.

Jimmy studied hard and became ________ engineer. He moved to a city and found a good job there. He used to write letters and sent ________ to his mother. He went back home and visited his mother every year. ________, year by year, Jimmy didn't travel home to visit his mother with many different ________（excuse）.

When the mother died, Jimmy returned home ________（sad）. Jimmy saw a box in his mother's bedroom. He opened the box and found ________ in it. There was lots of money and a piece of paper. It said, \"My son. Here ________（be） the money you sent to me. I don't spend much money. I miss you a lot. Every time I hear a car passing by, I run out of the door. But it wasn't my son, I saved the money for you. You can use it ________ you get sick.\"

7．【答案】 walking；to climb；by；After；that；were；However；us；At；got 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者和伙伴们爬山的经历。

（1）句意：这是散步的好时光。for是介词其后是动名词，故填 walking。

（2）句意： 我们决定去爬山。decide to do，固定搭配，决定做某事，故填 to climb。 （3）句意： 我们坐公共汽车去那里，早上9点到达那里。by bus，固定搭配，乘坐公共汽车，故填by。

（4）句意： 我们下了公共汽车后，开始爬山。此处是时间状语从句连词，先下车后爬山，故此处是在……之后，故填 After。

（5）句意： 我们非常兴奋，以至于开始爬得很快。so...that，固定搭配，如此……以至于，故填that。

（6）句意： 但是过了一会儿，我们中的一些人累了，尤其是女孩。描述过去是一般过去时，主语是some故be用复数形式，故填were。

（7）句意： 但是其他人鼓励并帮助他们。根据 They did not want to go on anymore和the

others encouraged（鼓励） and helped them，可知语境是转折关系，有标点故用however，但是，故填 However。

（8）句意： 我们所有人都爬得很慢，所以没有人被落下。of是介词其后是代词宾格，we是主格，宾格是us，故填us。

（9）句意： 在大约上午11点，我们到达山顶。根据11点是具体时刻，故其前是at表示在，故填At。

（10）句意：在大约上午11点，我们到达山顶。描述过去是一般过去时，get的过去式是got，故填got。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

8．【答案】 childhood；smile；when；an；winner；first；was drawing；on；phone；toys 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者童年时和圣诞老人通电话的一个故事。

（1）句意：事实上，在我们的童年里，有一些记忆会和永远和我们在一起。根据下文 I was about four years old可知此处指小时候，即童年时候，childhood，童年，故填childhood。

（2）句意：一些在那个时候看起来如此可怕的东西可能会让我们在几年后微笑。make是使役动词，make sb do，是固定搭配，使某人做某事，故填动词原形，故填smile。 （3）句意：其中一个记忆就是我四岁时接到的一个电话。根据 I was about four years old可知此处是表示时间，故应是时间状语从句的引导词，when，当......的时候，故填when。 （4）句意：竞争对手会讲一个关于他们孩子的有趣故事，获胜的人将接到在皇家空军工作的圣诞老人的电话。根据story是单名词数，interesting是元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an表示泛指，一个，故填an。

（5）句意：竞争对手会讲一个关于他们孩子的有趣故事，获胜的人将接到在皇家空军工作的圣诞老人的电话。the是定冠词，其后应是名词，根据下文的 Mr. Santa Claus would give the winner's child some gifts 可知此处是获胜者，winner，故填winner。

（6）句意：电话来了，妈妈先和圣诞老人谈了一会，然后她把电话给了我。根据 and then 可知首先是妈妈接的电话，first，首先，故填first。

（7）句意：妈妈告诉圣诞老人我正在用蜡笔在墙上画画。根据 At that time 可知时态是过去进行时，主语是I，故填was drawing。

（8）句意：然后圣诞老人在电话里问我关于我的艺术作品的事情。on the phone，固定搭配，在电话里，故填on。

（9）句意：所以我扔下电话，哭着跑出房间。根据上文描述可知两个人在打电话，故扔掉的是电话，phone，故填phone。

（10）句意：不过，我确实从电台得到了两个软玩具。two后是名词复数，toy的复数是toys，故填toys。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

9．阅读理解

Sara was sitting in the kitchen going over the party list with her mother. The exams were over and Sara wanted to invite her friends for a party and have fun.

\"Sara, aren't you going to invite Ada?\" her mother asked. Ada had been her best friend since childhood.

\"Mother, you know I am now a member of Purple Girls Club and we have some rules about people we can be friends with.\" Sara answered in a low voice. \"Really? And what are the rules?\" her mother asked in surprise.

\"Well, only very pretty girls can be part of our group. And Ada is so...you know...dark.\" \"I can't believe it.\" her mother said angrily.

As Sara left the kitchen, her father called her from the living room. Sara went to her father and got nervous when she saw the exam report in his hands.

\"Sara, what has happened to your grades? You have failed in math.\" her father said.

Sara had no answer. The truth was that the activities of Purple Girls Club left her with very little time for studies.

\"Sara, it says that you can take part in supplementary exams. If your grades don't improve then, I'll cancel your trip to Spain in the coming holiday.\"

Sara went to her room and called Gina, the leader of Purple Girls Club. \"Gina, can you help me to complete my notes before the exams?\" Gina just said, \"Exams? Who cares about exams?\"

One by one, she called all her friends in the club but no one seemed to care or wanted to help her. Then Sara thought of Ada. She knew Ada would help her. She also knew Ada had been hurt by her, but Ada said, \"If you need any help, just let me know. We can study together till your exams.\"

Next Monday, as the two friends entered the school together, Gina called out, \"Sara, you know our club rules. You can't be friends with those who do not belong to our club.\"

\"Gina, I have a new rule about friendship.\" Sara replied, \"And I've decided to leave the club.\" （1）After Sara became a member of Purple Girls Club, she chose a friend according to a person's____________.

A. grades B. looks C. usual activities D. favorite colors （2）Sara became nervous after going to her father because____________. A. she didn't do well in her exams B. he didn't allow her to go to Spain C. she had to leave Purple Girls Club D. he asked her to improve her grades

（3）From the passage we know that Ada is ____________.

A. Silly. B. Rude. C. Kind. D. Beautiful. （4）Why did Sara leave the club at last? （请用约30-50个词回答） 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C

（4）Because the club members and Sara have different rules about friendship. The members only make friends with very pretty people. Also, When Sara failed in the exam, no one in the club wanted to help her except Ada. What's more, the club members don’t care about study and exams.

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了Sara参加了一个紫色女子俱乐部，这个俱乐部只接受漂亮的女孩子，因此Sara不再跟Ada做朋友，但是俱乐部还使得Sara没时间学习且俱乐部里没有人愿意帮助Sara，最后她决定退出这个俱乐部的故事。

（1）推理判断题。根据第五段 only very pretty girls can be part of our group. 只有漂亮的女孩可以成为我们组的成员，可知紫色女子俱乐部选择朋友是根据一个人的外貌。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据第八段 You have failed in math. 你数学考试失败了，可知Sara之所以紧张，是因为数学考得不好。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段 but Ada said, \"If you need any help, just let me know. We can study together till your exams.\" 但是Ada说“如果你需要任何帮助就让我知道。我们可以一起学习到你考试”，可知尽管Sara伤害过Ada，但是Ada还愿意帮助Sara学习，所以Ada是个善良的女孩子。故选C。

（4）主观题。通读全文可知，Sara决定退出女子俱乐部是因为她和这个俱乐部对于友谊的看法是不同的。这个俱乐部只允许和漂亮的女孩子做朋友，但是但Sara数学考试失败的时候，俱乐部的朋友却没有人愿意帮助她，只有Ada愿意。而且俱乐部的成员不在乎学习和成绩。故答案为 Because the club members and Sara have different rules about friendship. The members only make friends with very pretty people. Also, When Sara failed in the exam, no one in the club wanted to help her except Ada. What's more, the club members don’t care about study and exams.

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

\"Homestay is a form of study abroad program. It allows a visitor to rent a room from a local （当地的） family to understand the local lifestyle better. It also helps to improve the visitor's language ability,\" said a teacher, during a school meeting last term. \"Students who wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign experience should join this kind of holiday. I am sure you won't be disappointed （失望的）.\"

After this special meeting, I always thought about this kind of holiday. Last month I had a

chance at last to go on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates and we went to London—a place where I had wanted to go since years ago.

As we were still young, we had a group leader who planned things for us and looked after us. After we got to London, we went to stay with different families. I was lucky that my host family （寄宿家庭） was a white couple who had a daughter about my age. They treated me as a daughter of their family during my stay there. They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from them too.

The holiday was filled with activities every day. After breakfast, a local teacher would come to take us in his car. Then we would have classes or go on a sightseeing trip to different places of interest, like the Big Ben, the London Bridge and the Buckingham Palace. We would go back to our own homes after the activities.

The holiday was a valuable experience for me. I enjoyed every minute of it. Yet, time really flew fast. Three weeks later, we had to leave \"homes\" for . （1）In the \"homestay\" program, a visitor can ________.

A. learn more about holidays B. understand his culture better C. improve the language ability D. take part in foreign meetings （2）The group leader should ________.

A. make plans for the family B. take care of the students C. stay with different families D. rent rooms to the students （3）The writer's host family ________.

A. were very kind to her B. went sightseeing with her C. had two white daughters D. were interested in her activities （4）From the passage we know that the writer ________ in London. A. wished to stay a little longer B. spent three weeks in her \"home\"

C. had classes in many interesting places D. helped the teacher take the students in a car 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）A （4）A

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了作者在伦敦寄宿家庭度过的一个假期。 （1）细节理解题。根据第一段 It also helps to improve the visitor's language ability .他也帮助提高游客的语言能力，可知在家庭寄宿项目中，游客可以提高语言能力。故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据第三段 we had a group leader who planned things for us and looked after us. 可知，团队带领人要照顾学生。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段 They treated me as a daughter of their family during my stay there. 在我停留的期间，他们待我像他们家的女儿一样，可知作者的寄宿家庭对她特别好。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段 Yet, time really flew fast.然而，时间过得真的很快，可知作者希望可以停留久一点。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全

文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

11．阅读理解

Reading for pleasure is the easiest way to become a better reader in English. Some students say they don't want to read for pleasure. They want to spend their time in doing some exercises on listening, grammar and new words. They say that pleasure reading is too easy and it is not helpful. Many experts（专家）say pleasure reading is very important for learning English. Dr Stephen Krashen, a famous expert on learning language, says that pleasure reading helps students learn many important things about English. Students can learn more grammar and words. They can also use excellent sentences when they do some writing. Dr Krashen says pleasure reading helps each student in a different way, because each student has his own learning skills or levels. Pleasure reading makes it possible for each student to learn what he or she needs. Reading for pleasure is not the same as studying. When you read for pleasure, you can choose your favourite books, and don't have to remember everything. You don't have any pressure because there are no tests about it.

In general, reading for pleasure can help： make students read faster in English； find examples of good writing in English； learn new words and grammar；

know about the English native speakers' reading habits. （1）Why don't some students like reading for pleasure? A. Because they think it takes them a lot of time. B. Because they don't know what to read. C. Because they think it is easy and unhelpful. D. Because they think it is difficult and boring. （2）What does Dr Stephen Krashen do?

A. A doctor. B. A language expert. C. A teacher. D. A writer. （3）Which is NOT true about reading for pleasure?

A. It helps students in the same way. B. Students can learn more grammar. C. It is helpful for students' English writing. D. It is important for English study. （4）What does the underlined word \"pressure\" mean?

A. 精神 B. 信仰 C. 潜力 D. 压力 （5）How many advantages does reading for pleasure have according to the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 【答案】 （1）C

（2）B （3）A （4）D （5）B

【解析】【分析】快乐阅读的重要性及其优势。

（1）细节题，根据 They say that pleasure reading is too easy and it is not helpful.可知他们认为快乐阅读太容易且没什么用，因此有些学生不喜欢快乐阅读，故选C。

（2）细节题，根据 Dr Stephen Krashen, a famous expert on learning language,可知他是一位语言专家。故选B。

（3）细节题，根据 Dr Krashen says pleasure reading helps each student in a different way, because each student has his own learning skills or levels.可知快乐阅读帮助学生的方式是各种各样的，因此A选项表述错误，故选A。

（4）词句猜测题，根据 You don't have any pressure because there are no tests about it.可知快乐阅读不需要考试，因此阅读过程中应该没有什么压力，因此可推出pressure意思为“压力”，故选D。

（5）细节题，根据① make students read faster in English；②find examples of good writing in English；③learn new words and grammar；④know about the English native speakers' reading habits.可知共有四点优势，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和词句猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题，细节题注意要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出词句的意思。

12．阅读理解

Suzhou is a famous city in China. You can see beautiful mountains and trees in the city. Travel time：

08：00—Pick you up from the hotel in Shanghai and go to Suzhou. 10：00 10：00—Visit the Tiger Hill .It is called as “the most famous place in Wuzhong”. 11：00 11：00—Visit Hanshan Temple. 12：00 12：00—Lunch time. 13：00 13：00—Visit the No.1 Silk Factory. Suzhou is famous for its silk production（产品）. 14：00 14：00—Visit the Humble Administrator's Garden. This garden has three parts：the 16：00 18：00 eastern part，the middle part and the western part. 16：00—Return to Shanghai. How to book：

You must book by email. Tell us which hotel you are staying at and wait for our confirmation （确认） email.

Our tour guide will call you the night before the tour and tell you when we will meet the next morning.

（1）The writer must be a ________．

A. visitor B. waiter C. driver D. travel agent （代理人） （2）The tourist will visit ________ places in Suzhou.

A. six B. five C. four D. three （3）What will they visit at 13：00?

A. The No.1 Silk Factory. B. Hanshan Temple.

C. The Tiger Hill. D. The Humble Administrator's Garden. （4）If you want to book, you must________．

A. go to their office B. call the tour guide C. send them a letter D. send them an email 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了苏州旅行时间及预订方式。

（1）细节题。根据表格可知是关于旅行的时间，所以作者是旅行代理人，故选D。 （2）细节题。根据Visit the Tiger Hill；Visit Hanshan Temple.；Visit the No.1 Silk Factory.；Visit the Humble Administrator's Garden.可知一共四个地方，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据13：00—14：00 Visit the No.1 Silk Factory.可知是No.1 Silk Factory，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据You must book by email可知通过电子邮件预订，故选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

13．阅读理解

Easy to make and cheap to buy, instant noodles（方便面） are popular in China .But sales of instant noodles continue to fall these years. So what's going on? Here are some possible reasons. People want better food

Instant noodles are very easy to cook. However, Chinese people's lives have improved a lot. More and more people are interested in life quality instead of just having a full stomach. Trains

About 20 years ago, people usually ate instant noodles during long train journeys in China. But now trains run faster and faster and people have more choices about food on the train. Ordering food online

Many apps on the phone can offer food delivery（递送） to your home, school, office or wherever you are. These meals are more delicious than instant noodles. （1）Are instant noodles expensive to buy?

A. No, they are difficult to make . B. No, they are easy to make. C. No, they are cheap to buy. D. Yes, they are expensive to buy. （2）Why do sales of instant noodles continue to fall these years?

A. Because Chinese people like to cook by themselves. B. Because people seldom take instant noodles on the train. C. Because people are not interested in noodles.

D. Because people want better food, they have more choices on the train and ordering food online is popular.

（3）What are more and more people interested in now?

A. A full stomach. B. Life quality. C. Instant noodles. D. Fast food. （4）What did people eat during long train journeys about 20 years ago in China?

A. People usually ate instant noodles. B. People hardly ate instant noodles. C. Only children ate instant noodles. D. People ate hand-made noodles. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）B （4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了这几年方便面的销售继续下降的原因。

（1）细节题。根据Easy to make and cheap to buy, instant noodles（方便面） are popular in China可知方便面是便宜的，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据People want better food； people have more choices about food on the train；Ordering food online可知方便面受欢迎，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据More and more people are interested in life quality instead of just having a full stomach.可知越来越多人对生活质量感兴趣，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据About 20 years ago, people usually ate instant noodles during long train journeys in China.可知20年前，人们在火车上通常吃方便面，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

14．阅读理解

To most of us, home is the safest and warmest place in the world. But eighth graders at Shenzhen Sunshine Middle School are trying to figure out ways to escape their homes as quickly as possible in case of an emergency.

Teachers asked students to draw emergency evacuation（紧急撤离）maps of their homes to learn about how to escape in the event of a fire.

The project meant a lot to Shen Wei. When he was younger, the 10-year-old once played with fire and almost burned his family's house down. Since then, the possibility of another fire has always been on his mind. By drawing the map, he said he was able to surmount his fear. Now, he is feeling relaxed.

On his map, Shen marked possible sources of fire at home, including the fridge, computer and bookshelves He said these areas should be avoided in the event of a fire.

While most students only mapped out one evacuation route, Yan Jun, 13, made three Yan and his parents live on the third floor of their building. At first, he thought his family could only escape by going down the stairs. But later, he got the idea from the way his family laundry. Usually, Yan's family hang clothes on their balcony. Sometimes their clothes fall to the second floor because of the wind. Instead of walking down the stairs, Yan's father sometimes climbs down outdoor air-conditioner units to get the clothes.

Does this sound like a good evacuation route? Yan also suggested using a rope to climb out the window. With so many ways to evacuate, I won't be scared, even if there is a real fire, \"said Yan. （1）What does the underlined word surmount mean?

A. reuse B. keep C. produce D. control （2）According to Shen, which of the following may not cause a fire?

A. Fridge B. Water tank C. Comp D. Bookshelves （3）How did Yan get inspiration（灵感）for his second evacuation route? A. From his homework. B. From the internet. C. From his family's laundry. D. From his father's job.

（4）Which of the following is a suitable title for this passage? A. Escaping your home during a fire. B. Safety rules during a fire. C. Emergency situations in public. D. Don't be afraid of fire. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）C （4）A

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述深圳阳光中学8年级的老师要求学生画火灾紧急逃离的地图以便学习如何逃离火灾。

（1）词义猜测题。根据 the possibility of another fire has always been on his mind. By drawing the map, he said he was able to surmount his fear.可知，另一场火灾总是在他的脑海中，通过画地图，他说他能够克服自己的害怕心理，推出surmount的意思为控制，故选D。 （2）细节题。根据 Shen marked possible sources of fire at home, including the fridge, computer and bookshelves可知，水缸可能不会引起火灾，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据But later, he got the idea from the way his family laundry.可知，他从他家的洗衣房得到灵感，故选C。

（4）主旨题。本文主要讲述火灾期间如何逃离火灾，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

15．阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

I've been dancing since I was 14, when my best friend asked me to go to an after-school dance class with her. I enjoyed that dance class and from then on, I began to dance. After every class, I always have to stretch out（拉伸）my legs and back! It feels like as much exercise as a sport. However, most people think dancing isn't a sport. They think it's an art form（艺术形式）. It is easy to see why those people think so. Dancing to music is relaxing and enjoyable, just like watching a play.

On the other hand, many people think that dancing is a sport. No matter what kind of dance you do, you always use all of your muscles （肌肉）. So, dancers are often just as athletic as football players, runners or swimmers.

In my opinion, dancing is both a sport and an art form. It has brought me great fun and improved my health.

Anyway, whether you think of dancing to be a sport or an art form, the important thing is to enjoy it! Dancing is a really fun way to exercise!

（1）The writer has to stretch out her __________ after every dancing class A. Arms and back B. Legs and back C. Legs and neck D. Arms and neck （2）Why do most people think watching dancing looks like watching a play? ①because it's easy to understand why people think so. ②Because the music for dancing is relaxing and enjoyable. ③Because the ticket price for dancing and the play is the same. ④because many people think dancing is an art form.

A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ①③①

（3）What does the underlined word \"athletic\" probably mean?

A. Strong B. Beautiful C. Rich D. Proud （4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Why is dancing a sport? B. Why is dancing an art form?

C. Why did I fall in love with dancing? D. Is dancing a sport or an art form? 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者认为跳舞既是一种运动也是一种艺术形式。

（1）细节题。根据After every class, I always have to stretch out（拉伸）my legs and back!可知每节课后作者拉伸腿和背，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据They think it's an art form（艺术形式）. It is easy to see why those people think so. Dancing to music is relaxing and enjoyable, just like watching a play.可知他们认为它是一种艺术形式，理解人们的想法很简单、和着音乐跳舞是令人放松的和愉快的，故选C。 （3）推断题。根据前句you always use all of your muscles （肌肉）.可知你总是使用肌肉，所以跳舞的人像运动员一样强壮，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据Anyway, whether you think of dancing to be a sport or an art form可知主要讲了跳舞是一种运动还是一种艺术形式，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

16．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Nancy's Gym Keep fit! Lose weight! Open: 1: 00 p. m. to 8: 00 p. m. Saturdays and Sundays $25/hour Tel:4556-2233 Ice World Have fun skating here! $20/hour for children $30/hour for adults* Open: 10: 00 a. m. to 8: 00 p. m. Tel:8868-2526 Water World Adults: $10 Children （aged 15 or under） : $7 Open: 9: 00 a. m. to 9: 00 p. m. Tel: 2151-8296 （1）When is Nancy's Gym open? A. Every day. B. On weekdays. C. On weekends. D. From Monday to Wednesday. （2）Mrs. Green wants to go to Water World with her 11-year-old son, how much does she need to pay?

A. $7 B. $10 C. $17 D. $20 （3）Which of the following is TRUE? A. You can play in Water World at 8: 00 a. m. B. You can go to Nancy's Gym in the morning.

C. You should pay $25 for an hour in Ice World. D. You can call 8868-2526 if you like going skating. 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这三个广告中，分别介绍了健身房，冰雪世界和水世界的服务内容，收费及电话信息，阅读中注意把握每则广告的不同之处。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一个表格 Open: 1: 00 p. m. to 8: 00 p. m. Saturdays and Sundays ，可知只有周末开放，故选C。

（2）数字计算题。根据 第三个表格Adults: $10 ；Children （aged 15 or under） : $7 可知10+7=17$ ，故选C。

（3）正误判断题。根据三则广告描述，在成人健身房每小时25美元，开放时间是下午一点到下午八点；在冰雪世界每小时30美元，冰雪世界的电话是 Tel:8868-2526 ；在水世界每小时10美元，开放的时间上午九点到下午九点 。可知只有选项D是符合文章内容，排除A/B/C选项。故选D。

【点评】这三个广告中，分别介绍了健身房，冰雪世界和水世界的服务内容，收费及电话信息，阅读中注意把握每篇的重点内容，注意三则之间的区别。然后带着问题再读广告，找出答题依据。对于有关数字的问题，要认真分析，并进行必要的计算。