(In New Horizon College English Book 1)
I. Time: 10 class hours II. Contents:
1. Listening and Speaking
2. Section A: Learning a Foreign Language
3. Section B: Keys to Successful Online Learning
III. Suggested Timetable:
1. The first two-class-hour session for listening and speaking.(Unit 1 in College English Listening
and Speaking Course Book 1).
2. The next four-class-hour session for Section A
3. The fourth two-class-hour session for exercises of Section A 4. The fifth two-class-hour session for Section B and Section C
IV. Aims and Requirements:
Listening and Speaking
1. Train the students’ ability to understand the main idea and grasp important details of the listening
texts.
2. Give the students a chance to exchange views on the texts they have heard to enable them to have
a deeper understanding of the texts. Section A: Learning a Foreign Language
1. New words and expressions: reward, frustrate, positive, former, unlike, opportunity, communicate,
access, technology participate, virtual, continual, finally, culture, activity, be well worth sth./ doing sth., not only… but also…, far from, get access to. 2. Writing Skills: Cause and Effect
Section B: Keys to Successful Online Learning
1. Reading Skills: Finding out word meaning though different ways 2. Teach the students how to grasp the main idea of the text
V. Focal Points and Difficult Points:
Listening and Speaking
1. Listening skills: listen for important information rather than details 2. New words and expressions
Section A: Learning a Foreign Language
1. Sentence structure: how to analyze the structure of a sentence 2. Comprehension of the text 3. Words and expressions
Section B: Keys to Successful Online Learning 1. Ask students to retell the story 2. Review the subjunctive mood
VI. Suggested Teaching Procedure and Methodology:
Listening and Speaking: ( an interactive approach is introduced)
1. Pre-listening Task: arrange the students in pairs and ask them to discuss the following
questions:
①What problems do you have in trying to learn English in your middle school? ②Do you think the computer can help you in learning English, why?
③What other things do you think we can gain through English language learning? 2. Background Information
Online learning, a form of distance education, refers to learning and other supportive resources that are available through a networked computer. With the development of the Internet, online learning often takes place on the Internet. In an online lesson, the computer displays material (often in web browsers) in response to a learner’s request. The computer asks the learner for more information and presents appropriate material based on the learner’s input. The material can be as simple as traditional lessons and tests that are transcribed into a computer program. The material can also be a complex system that tracks users’ input and suggests learning material as a result. Or the material can be a work session that occurs through a real time chat; learning occurs through the interaction. The material can be presented as text, graphics, animated graphics, audio, video, or a combination of these that are displayed in wed browsers or other multimedia players such as Windows Media Player. 3. Listening to text 1 and 2
4. Speaking Tasks: ask the students to get into pairs and explain to them how to carry out Speaking Task A- Reflections on the texts, and then select a pair to present their views in class.
· Section A: Learning a Foreign Language
1. Background Information: Junior middle school
Junior middle school refers to the stage in the Chinese education system which follows primary school and includes year six through nine in the school time sequence. Normally, students are 12 or 13 years of age when they begin the sixth or transition year of junior middle school. In the American system, junior middle school most closely approximates middle school or junior high school in which the beginning or ending years of the period may vary slightly from region to region. The beginning age is about the same as that of junior middle school students in China. 2. Pre-reading Activities
Listen to short passage twice and answer questions
① What problems do you have in trying to learn English in your middle school? ②Do you think the computer can help you in learning English, why?
③What other things do you think we can gain through English language learning? 听力原文：
In Reading Passage A, the author presents the reader his own language learning experiences for different stages, from middle school to online learning, and for each different stage of learning he describes an effect that results from some causes. This is an example of cause and effect writing, which makes clear the reasons why something happens by showing the relation between a cause and its effect. Answers:
① What problems do you have in trying to learn English in your middle school? Reference key: When I was in middle school I was poor in speaking and listening. ② Do you think the computer can help you in learning English, why?
Reference key: Yes. I can find some useful information and chat with foreign friends, which help me
learn English free.
③ What other things do you think we can gain through English language learning?
Reference key: It taught me the value of hard work and helped understand another culture.
3. Work on Section A
A) Structure of the Text ( a method of analyzing the text structure is employed) Part Ⅰ(Para. 1): Popping out the question: learning English.
Part Ⅱ(Paras. 2-4): The author’s experience of learning in Junior middle school, Senior middle school and college.
Part Ⅲ (Paras.5-7 ): He found that learning online was a good way to study English. Taking some online courses, he began to practice all the time.
Part Ⅳ(Para. 8): Conclusion: although learning a foreign language has been difficult, yet it the most rewarding experience.
B) Raise some questions to make students grasp some detailed information in the text
(question and answer method is used)
Part Ⅰ (Para. 1) Part Ⅱ (Paras. 2-4) Questions:
----What made the author’s English learning in junior middle school very successful?
-----How was the author’s experience with English learning in senior middle school different from his experience in junior middle school?
-----In what way is the author’s experience with English in junior middle school similar to his experience in college? In what way are they different from each other? Answers:
----The kind and patient teacher and her positive method of praising all students often.
----In junior middle school, his English teacher was kind and patient. He liked to answer questions in class and he made much progress in English. But in his senior middle school, his teacher punished those who gave wrong answers. He didn’t want to answer questions any more in class. As a result, he did not make much progress in English.
----In college and junior middle school, his English teachers were both patient and kind, but he did not have as many chances to answer questions in college as he did in junior middle school. Part Ⅲ (Paras.5-7 ) Questions:
-----Judging from the fifth paragraph, what is basic to online English learning? -----What was the method the author used for online English learning? Answers:
-----Having the necessary equipment, including a computer, phone line and modem, and learning the technology. ------Hard work. Part Ⅳ(Para. 8) Question:
-----According to the last paragraph, what interests the author most about English? Answer:
-----He could communicate with many more people than before..
4. Language Points Part Ⅰ(Para.1)
① Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experience of my life. (Para. 1)
Meaning: Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult things to do but it was most worth doing in my life.
② Although at times, learning a language was frustrating, it was well worth the effort. (Para. 1) Meaning : Although sometimes learning a language is disappointing , it was rewarding enough to spend the time and effort on it.
be well worth sth ./doing sth. : be rewarding enough for the time or effort
This report about the effect of modernization on human nature is well worth reading. 关于现代化对于人性影响的报告很值得一读。
He’s decided to have a look at the house for it is well worth buying. 他决定去侃侃这幢房子，因为它非常值得去买。
Part Ⅱ(Para.2-3)
①Because of the positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions I could, never worrying about making mistakes. (Para. 2)
Meaning: Because of the effective and helpful method, I was very willing to answer all the questions I could, and I never worried about making mistakes. positive: a.
1) effective; helpful
Don’t just watch me; give me some positive advice .别只是看着我，给我提些积极的建议吧。 2） definite ,allowing no room for doubt
We still don’t have a positive answer as to how he died. 他究竟是如何死的，我们还没有得出明确的答案。
3）sure, having no doubt about sth..
Are you positive that he’s the man you saw yesterday? 你能确定他就是你昨天看到的那个人吗？
She was positive that John would help her out of trouble.她相信约翰会帮助她摆脱困境的。 ②I was at the top of my class for two years. (Para. 2)
Meaning: I was one of the excellent students in my class for two years. ③It didn’t take me long to lose my eagerness to answer questions. (Para. 3) Meaning: Before long I was no longer eager to answer questions.
④Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions, but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in English. (Para. 3)
Meaning: I not only didn’t feel happy answering happy questions, but also I didn’t want to say anything in English.
Note: With “not only” or “only” placed at the begging of a sentence, the sentence order should be inverted(倒装) as you find it in the reading passage. Here are more examples:
Only in this way can you hope to finish the work at the end of this month.只有用这种方法你才有望在月底之前完成这项工作。
Not only did we enjoy the film, but we also had a wonderful time.我们不仅看了电影，而且玩的很
痛快。
Part Ⅲ(Para.4-8)
①Unlike my senior middle school teacher,…(Para.4)
Meaning: Different from my senior middle school teacher,… unlike: prep. different; not like, not the same
Her recent report is quite unlike her earlier work.她最近的报告与以前的大不相同。 Unlike me, my son likes to get up early. 与我不同，我儿子喜欢早起。 ②However, the situation was far from perfect. (Para.4) Meaning: But the situation was not faultless at all. far from: not …at all; rather than
Far from (being ) angry, he’s very happy. 他一点都不生气，很快乐。
Her husband is far from (being) handsome; he is somewhat ugly.她丈夫谈不上英俊，有点丑。 ③As our classes were very large, I was only able to answer a couple of questions in each class period. (Para.4)
Meaning : Because there were many students in our classes, I could only answer two or three questions in each class period. a couple of : two or three
I saw a couple of children playing in the garden.我看见两三个孩子在花园里玩耍。 Could you please lend me a couple of dollars?你能借我两三美元吗？ 比较： a pair of
a pair of earrings, a pair of shoes, a pair of gloves, a pair of socks ④I began to feel intimidated. (Para.4)
Meaning: I began to feel frightened by threats
Intimidate: v. to make (someone) fearful enough to do what one wants 恐吓，威胁
The thieves intimidated the general manager by saying that they would kill him.小偷吓唬总经理，说要杀死他。
⑤…when I was offered an opportunity to study English through an online course. (Para.5) Meaning: …when I was given a chance to learn English by taking a computer course. opportunity: n. a good chance , a favorable moment
With the help of his teacher, he got an opportunity to learn English in Britain.在老师的帮助下，他得到了一个去英国学习英语的机会。
The month of May offers a wonderful opportunity to go traveling.5月份是旅游的好时机。
⑥. I soon got access to the necessary equipment , learned the technology from a friend and participated in the virtual classroom 5to 7 days a week. (Para.5)
Meaning: I soon got the necessary equipment and learned how to use the equipment from a friend. Then I could take online course 5 to 7 days a week.
access: n. way of entering; right of using, reaching, or entering
The only access to that building was guarded by the soldiers.通向那栋楼房的唯一通道由士兵把守着。
He was not allowed access to his young brother who was in prison.他未能获准去监狱探望他弟弟。
virtual: a. almost what is stated; made-up
The king was so much under the control of his wife that she is the virtual ruler of the country.国王
完全受妻子的控制，以至于她是这个国际的实际统治者。
With the use of the Internet, many virtual communities are set up.由于因特网的使用，许多虚拟社区建立起来。
⑦. …it requires much time, commitment and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course. (Para.6)
Meaning: …and online learning requires that we give much time and attention to it and learn or work in a controlled way, so that we can keep up with the progress of the course. commitment: n. a promise to follow certain beliefs of certain course of actions
He felt he didn’t have to make such a commitment to Mary.他觉得自己没有必要对玛丽做出这样的承诺。
I don’t want to get married because I don’t want any commitment.我不想结婚，因为我不想承担任何承诺。
discipline: n. the practice of making people obey rules; the quality of behaving in a controlled way Discipline is very important for any kind of scientific research.自制对于任何科研工作而言都很重要。
⑧. I worked hard to meet the minimum standards set by the course and to complete assignments on time. (Para.6)
Meaning: I worked hard to reach the lowest standards allowed by the course and to finish the homework on time.
Please note “set by the course” in this sentence is a past participle phrase used as an attribute. minimum: a. the least, or the smallest possible
He couldn’t join the police because he was below the minimum height allowed by the rule.他不能当警察，因为他的身高未达到最低规定要求。
The minimum passing mark is 40 out of 100.这次考试的最低及格线是百分制的40分。 ⑨. I made many, sometimes embarrassing, mistakes. (Para.7)
Meaning: I made many mistakes which sometimes made me feel ashamed. embarrass: vt. make one shy, ashamed
It embarrassed her that her husband was drunk at the dinner.她丈夫在宴会上喝醉了令她很尴尬。 This was an embarrassing situation for the gentleman for he couldn’t afford the dinner. 这位先生很尴尬，因为他付不起晚餐的钱。 ⑩….I felt like giving up. (Para.7)
Meaning: … I wanted to stop doing online learning. feel like sth./ doing sth.: want to do sth.
Could we stop playing cards? I feel like having a rest. 可以不打牌了吗？我想休息一会儿。 At the sight of the miserable scene, the lady felt like crying.看到这可怕的光景，这位女士想哭。 give up: stop having or doing
Though faced with many difficulties, he would not give up online learning.虽然面临着许多困难，他不会放弃网上学习。
He had to give up his studies because of lack of money. 由于缺少钱，他只得放弃学业。 11.…I realized I could understand just about everything I came across…(Para.7) ○
Meaning: …I realized I could understand just about everything I saw or heard… 12. .…I had finally reaped the benefits of all that hard work. (Para.7) ○
Meaning: …I gained the good things that happened as a result of all that hard work at last. reap: get sth. as a reward; cut and gather (a crop or grain)
We say: reap a profit; reap a reward; reap wheat benefit: n. profit; good effect
He told me that he got no personal benefit from the business. 他告诉我他个人没有从这笔生意中得到任何好处。
He felt that he got much benefit from conversations with foreigners. 他觉得自己通过与外国人交谈受益匪浅。 Part Ⅳ (Para.8)
①. Learning a foreign language has been a most trying experience, but one that I wouldn’t trade for anything. (Para.8)
Meaning: Learning a foreign language has been an experience full of difficulties, but I wouldn’t exchange for anything else.
trade(in)…for …: exchange…for…
He decided to trade his car for a truck.他决定用它的小汽车换一辆卡车。 trade on: make use of
He traded on his brother’s kindness to get more money from him.他利用哥哥的善良，想从他那儿多弄些钱。
② Not only did learning another language teach me the value of hard work, but it also gave me insights into another culture, and my mind was opened to new ways of seeing things. (Para.8)
Meaning: Learning another language not only made me understand the benefit of hard work, but it also made me understand another culture, and I was willing to accept new ways of seeing things. insight: n. the act of seeing or understanding something very clearly
Visiting the city gave me insight into the lives of the people who live there.参观这座城市使我了解了那里居民的生活情况。
The teacher had unusual insight into children’s emotions.这位老师对儿童的情感有不同寻常的了解。
③Talking with people is one of my favorite activities, … (Para.8) Meaning: Talking with people is one of the activities I like best …
④. …participate in conversations, and form new, unforgettable friendships. (Para.8)
Meaning: …take part in conversations, and form new friendships, which are difficult to forget. participate in: take part in
I want to have the opportunity to participate in the party.我希望有机会参加这个晚会。
Over half of the population in the country participates in the sport.这个国家有一半以上的人口参加这项体育活动。
⑤ Now that I speak a foreign language, instead of staring into space when English is being spoken, I can participate and make friends. (Para.8)
Meaning: As I can speak a foreign language, I can take part in the conversation and make friends, and I no longer look into the distance when someone is speaking English. now that: conj. because (something has happened)…
Now that John has arrived, we can begin our English class.既然约翰来了，我们可以开始上英语课了。
⑥I am able to reach out to others and bridge the gap between my language and culture and theirs. (Para.8)
Meaning: I am able to communicate with others and make smaller the differences between my language and culture and theirs.
reach out to: communicate with : contact
Whit the introduction of the Internet , we can reach out to our friends by e-mail.由于因特网的使用，我们可以通过电子邮件与朋友联系。 比较：
1） reach out for : try to get
You must reach out for any opportunity that comes your way.你必须抓住所遇到的任何机遇。 2） reach for : hold out one’s hand to get sth.
He reached for the phone and dialed the number. 他伸手拿起电话，拨了号码。
bridge: vt. make up for the difference between…;join or connect things together, build a bridge across
The decision is an attempt to bridge the distance between the rich and poor. 这个决定的目的在于缩短贫富差距。
bridge the gap: close the distance between …; join or bring closer together
Learning a foreign language helps us bridge the gap between two difference cultures.学习外语有助于缩小不同文化间的差距。 5. Assignments for Section A:
① Ask students to review the text and do the exercises in the textbook
② Let students learn Text Structure Analysis on Page10 and do the exercises on Page 9
Section B: Keys to Successful Online Learning
1. Reading skills: Finding out Word Meanings (page 13)
2. Ask students to finish reading text B in ten minutes and doing exercises on page 19 3. Languages Points:
① While regular schools still exist, the virtual classroom plays an important role in today's learning community. (Para.1)
Meaning: Though there are regular schools, the virtual classroom has a very important position and job in today's education.
play a role in: have a position or job in...
People have come to understand that computer is playing an increasingly important role in our life. 人们开始意识到计算机在我们生活中起着越来越重要的作用。
community: n. a group of people living together and/or united by shared interests the academic community 学术界 the black community 黑人社区
② Job opportunities for students are expanding rapidly and more people of all ages are becoming aware of online learning that allows them to study at home. (Para.1)
Meaning: Students have many more chances to get jobs, and more people of different ages are beginning to learn about online learning which allows them to study at home. expand: v. (cause to) grow larger
Iron expands when it is heated. 加热时铁会膨胀。
The company has expanded its operations in America by building a factory there. 这家公司在美国建立了一家工厂，从而扩大了在美业务。 people of all ages: people of different ages
be aware of: having knowledge or understanding of
I'm quite aware of how you feel about this problem. 我很清楚你对这个问题的感受。
He was so deep in his reading that he wasn't aware his father had entered. 他读书很专心，连父亲进门都不知道。
③ Online students, however, require unique equalities to be successful. (Para.1)
Meaning: But online students must have some unusual and special qualities if they want to be successful.
unique: a. unusual; being the only one of itself
The town is very unique in its beautiful and quiet environment. 这个小城美丽幽静的环境是颇具特色的。
④ The following list discusses some ideal qualities of successful online students. (Para.1)
Meaning: In the following list we discuss some necessary and perfect qualities of successful students.
ideal: a. perfect or faultless in every way
It's an ideal place for a holiday. 这是一个度假的理想的地方。
⑤ This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. (Para.3)
Meaning: As a place for communication, the online method doesn't require people to see each other personally. So some students won't feel it difficult to express their ideas. visual: a. gained by or connected with seeing
Visual knowledge of a place of battle helps a general to plan his attack. 亲临战场对将军制定攻击计划很有帮助。
The visual arts are painting and dancing, etc. as opposed to music and literature. 视觉艺术是绘画，舞蹈等，与音乐和文学相对。
barrier: n. something placed in the way in order to prevent or control the movement of people or things
The police put up barriers to control the crowd. 警察搭起路障对人群加以控制。
The color of one's skin shouldn't be a barrier to success. 肤色不应该成为成功的障碍。 hinder: vt. prevent sb. from doing sth.; prevent sth. from happening
I'm sorry that some business hindered my answering your letter. 很抱歉，由于忙于一些事务，未能回信。
Don't talk to me now; you will hinder me. 现在不要和我讲，那样会妨碍我的。
⑥ In addition, students are given time to reflect on the information before replying. (Para.3) Meaning: What is more, students are given time to think about the information carefully before replying.
reflect: v. 1) express, give an idea of
This statement reflected his opinions about this matter. 这一陈述表达了他对这个问题的看法。 The book reflected the author's idea on marriage. 这本书反映了作者的婚姻观。 2) throw back (sound, heat, light or an image)
The smooth surface of the lake reflected the light of the house. 平静如镜的湖面映射出房屋的灯光。
The still water reflected the moon. 平静的水面映着月亮。 reflect on: think carefully
I have been reflecting on what you said these days. 这些天我一直在考虑你说的话。
You should reflect on the likely result before you decide to do something. 决定做一件事之前应考虑可能产生的后果。
⑦ In the virtual classroom nearly all communication is written, so it is critical that students feel comfortable expressing themselves in writing. (Para.5)
Meaning: In the online classroom, people communicate with each other by writing, so it is very important that students do feel at ease in writing to express their opinions. critical: a. 1) very important; very serious or dangerous
I didn't realize the unemployment problem was all that critical here. 我原来不知道这儿的失业问题这么严重。
Note: In the that-clause of \"it is/was critical that ...\" pattern, we should either use \"should + bare infinitive\" or simply use \"bare infinitive.\" Very often, fluent native speakers use only the 'bare infinitive.'
It was critical that the teacher (should) not punish the students who gave incorrect answers. 关键的是那位老师不应该惩罚回答错误的学生。
It is critical that you (should) keep up with the progress of an online course. 跟上网络课程的进度十分重要。 2) finding fault
Don't be critical of him; he is a beginner. 不要对他挑剔, 他是初学者。
She looks on everything with a critical eye. 她用批判的眼光观察每一件事。
⑧ ... students share ideas, perspectives and discussions on the subject being studied. (Para.5) Meaning: ... students share ideas, ways of seeing things and discussions on the subject they are studying.
perspective: n. way of thinking about something
He says that the death of his father 18 months ago has given him a new perspective on life. 他说18个月前父亲去世使他对生活有了新的看法。
We must look at the problem in the right perspective. 我们必须以正确的眼光看待这个问题。 ⑨ Be willing to \"speak up\" if problems arise. (Para. 6)
Meaning: Online students should be willing to ask questions if there are any. arise: vi. to come into being, appear
When I was in great difficulties with my language learning, the opportunity for online learning arose. 当我在语言学习中碰到困难的时候，网上学习的机会来了。 A strong wind arose. 刮起了一股强风。
⑩ This means students must be absolutely explicit with their comments and requests. (Para.7) Meaning: This means students must express their ideas and requests very clearly. absolutely: adv. completely
It is difficult to cross the desert by car, but not absolutely impossible. 开车穿越沙漠很难，但并非完全不可能。
They seemed to have absolutely no sense of moral principles. 他们似乎完全没有道德原则。 explicit: a. clear and fully expressed
He gave an explicit description of how the accident happened. 他清楚地讲述了事故发生的经过。
The agreement is explicit in saying the rent must be paid by the tenth of every month. 这份协议清楚地说明了必须在每个月十号付房租。
comment: n. opinion about an event or a person
She asked the Minister if he had any comment on the government's new decision. 她问部长对政府的新决定有何评论。
There has been no comment so far from the police about the case. 到目前为止警方对这一案件没有任何评论。
11 If they experience technical difficulties, or problems in understanding something about the ○
course, they MUST speak up; (Para.7)
Meaning: If they have equipment problems or have problems in understanding the course content or instructions, they must tell others.
Please pay attention to the word \"experience\" as this word is used as a noun with different meanings as well as a verb.
experience: something that happens to one and has an effect on the mind and feelings
(Note: \"Experience\" used in this sense is a countable noun; we can say: \"experiences\" or \"an experience\".)
Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my life. (Text A) 学习外语是我一生中最艰苦也是最有意义的经历。
But when \"experience\" is used in the sense of \"knowledge or skill, which comes from practice in an activity\" (经验，感受，体验), it is an uncountable noun.
Don't correct him all the time; he'll learn by experience. 别总是纠正他，他会从经验中学习的。 And \"experience\" can be used as a verb, too, meaning, \"feel, suffer, or learn by an experience\" . Margaret Rudland, head teacher in Hammersmith, also thinks children must experience actual peer relations. (Text C) 海默斯密斯学校校长玛格利特.鲁兰也认为孩子们必须与同龄人交往。 12.While explaining something to others, students reinforce their own knowledge about the ○
subject.(Para.7)
Meaning: When they explain something to others, students get a stronger and firmer understanding of what they have learned on the subject.
reinforce: vt. make stronger or firmer; add strength or support to
They hope to reinforce their idea that online learning is not easier than learning in regular classrooms. In fact, many students say it requires much more time and effort. 他们希望强调他们的观点，即网上学习不比课堂学习容易。事实上，许多学生说它需要花更多的时间和力气。 13 It is absolutely necessary for students to assimilate information and make the right decisions ○
based on critical thinking. (Para.11)
Meaning: It is very necessary for students to understand and take in information. Besides, students should examine and judge information carefully and then make the right decisions. assimilate: v. understand and take in; (cause to) become part of
You have to assimilate the facts, not just remember them. 你得消化事实，而不只是记住事实。 His family found it hard to assimilate into the local community after they moved to the city. 他家人移居到这座城市之后觉得很难融入当地社区之中。
14 Time is given to allow for careful development of responses. Testing and challenging of ideas ○
is encouraged. (Para.13)
Meaning: Students are given time to develop their answers carefully. They are encouraged to prove and question whether certain ideas are right. allow for: take into consideration
Allowing for the train's being late, we should be back by half past ten. 考虑到火车晚点，我们必须十点半回来。
You should allow for the weather when you plan for an outing. 制定郊游计划时, 应考虑到天气因素。
·Section C Teaching Children at Home
1. Ask the students to read Section C within 10 minutes and finish doing exercises on page 24 2. Check the answers.
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