【英语】2018年高考英语真题全国Ⅱ卷

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国Ⅱ卷）

英 语

（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）

听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt？

A. ￡19. 15.

B. ￡9. 18.

C. ￡9. 15.

1. What does John find difficult in learning German？ A. Pronunciation.

B. Vocabulary.

C. Grammar.

2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？ A. Colleagues.

B. Brother and sister.

C. Teacher and student.

3. Where does the conversation probably take place？ A. In a bank.

B. At a ticket office.

C. On a train.

4. What are the speakers talking about？ A. A restaurant.

B. A street.

C. A dish.

5. What does the woman think of her interview？ A. It was tough.

B. It was interesting.

C. It was successful.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）

听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听

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完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When will Judy go to a party？ A. On Monday.

B. On Tuesday.

7. What will Max do next？ A. Fly a kite.

B. Read a magazine.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man suggest doing at first？ A. Going to a concert.

B. Watching a movie. C. Playing a computer game. 9. What do the speakers decide to do？ A. Visit Mike .

B. Go boating.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Which color do cats see better than humans？ A. Red.

B. Green.

11. Why do cats bring dead birds home？ A. To eat them in a safe place. B. To show off their hunting skills. C. To make their owners happy.

12. How does the man sound at the end of the conversation？A. Grateful.

B. Humorous.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who is Macy A. Ed’s mother.

B. Ed’s teacher.

14. How does Ed usually go to kindergarten A. By car.

B. On foot.

15. What does Ed enjoy doing at the kindergarten？ A. Telling stories.

B. Singing songs.

16. What do the teachers say about Ed？

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C. On Wednesday.

C. Do his homework.

C. Take a walk.

C. Blue.

C. Curious.

C. Ed’s friend.

C. By bus.

C. Playing with others.

A. He’s clever.

B. He’s quiet.

C. He’s brave.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. At what age did Emily start learning ballet A. Five.

B. Six.

C. Nine.

18. Why did Emily move to Toronto A. To work for a dance school. B. To perform at a dance theater. C. To learn contemporary dance. 19. Why did Emily quit dancing？ A. She was too old to dance. B. She failed to get a scholarship. C. She lost interest in it.

20. How does Emily feel about stopping training A. She’s pleased.

B. She’s regretful.

C. She’s upset

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Summer Activities

Students should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are fished, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.

Activity Description Member of staff Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, Outdoor discover new personal qualities, and learn new Adventure skills. You will be able to take part in a number of (OUT) activities from canoeing to wild camping on Mr. Clemens £140 Cost 第 3 页 共 21 页

Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment. On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern WWI Battlefields and Paris (WBP) France to visit the World War I battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the Mrs. Milson short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights. Crafty Making lovely objects using recycled and made Foxes materials. Bags, cushions and decorations... Learn (CRF) skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles. Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Potty about Streatley-on-Thames, guided tour of Oxford to see Potter the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxford’s (POT) Christchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter. 21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A. OUT.

B. WBP.

C. CRF.

D. POT. Miss Drake £150 Mrs. Goode £30 £425 Four days of product design centred around textiles. 22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London. C. Tour central Paris.

B. See a parade and fireworks. D. Visit the WWI battlefields.

23. How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. C. Five days.

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B. Four days. D. One week.

B

Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance.These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.

Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C.

When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.

If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.

24. What does the author seem to like about cherries? A. They contain protein.

B. They are high in vitamin A. D. They are rich in antioxidants.

C. They have a pleasant taste.

25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas? A. To make them smell better. C. To speed up their ripening.

B. To keep their colour. D. To improve their nutrition.

26. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph? A. A dessert. C. A container.

B. A drink. D. A machine.

27. From which is the text probably taken?

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A. A biology textbook. C. A research paper.

C

Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense

B. A health magazine. D. A travel brochure.

Media report published Monday.

While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.

According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today. ”

The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2—8, remain

largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.

When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time. The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.

As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.

28. What is the Common Sense Media report probably about? A. Children’s reading habits. B. Quality of children’s books. C. Children’s after-class activities. D. Parent-child relationships.

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29. Where can you find the data that best supports “children are reading a lot less for fun”? A. In paragraph 2. C. In paragraph 4.

B. In paragraph 3. D. In paragraph 5.

30. Why do many parents limit electronic reading? A. E-books are of poor quality. B. It could be a waste of time. C. It may harm children’s health. D. E-readers are expensive.

31. How should parents encourage their children to read more? A. Act as role models for them. B. Ask then to write book reports. C. Set up reading groups for them. D. Talk with their reading class teachers.

D

We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.

What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.

Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”

In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its

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waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”

Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners,” he says. 32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A. Addiction to smartphones.

B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places. C. Absence of communication between strangers. D. Impatience with slow service.

33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci? A. Showing good manners. C. Focusing on a topic.

B. Relating to other people. D. Making business deals.

34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk? A. It improves family relationships.

B. It raises people’s confidence. D. It makes people feel good.

C. It matters as much as a formal talk. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. Conversation Counts C. Benefits of Small Talk

B. Ways of Making Small Talk D. Uncomfortable Silence

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.

 Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37

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 Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.

 39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.

 40 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.

There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.

A. You will stick to your diet. B. Your quality of sleep improves. C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.

D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise. F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up! 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Two weeks earlier, my son Ben ,had got in touch , he’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.

I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 . I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in 47 . “Something’s not 48 !” I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I

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helped 51 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . “What’s his name?” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I . That stranger was my son! The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 , after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. “I just want to say thank you,” he said, “You 58 my life !”

I still can’t believe what a 59 it was. I’m just so glad I was there 60 to help my son. 41. A. also

B. often B. relief B. shocked B. stay B. clean B. closer B. advance B. right B. sank B. fighting B. persuade B. occurred B. pleasant B. hesitated B. Frankly B. relax B. turned B. honored B. change B. in time

C. even C. anger C. thrilled C. meet C. deep C. heavier C. question C. fair

D. last D. worry D. ashamed D. settle D. formed D. wiser D. battle D. fit D. fell D. shaking D. keep D. appealed D. familiar D. knew D. Suddenly D. leave D. pointed D. guided D. pain D. on purpose

42. A. delight 43. A. scared 44. A. talk

45. A. bathed 46. A. faster 47. A. trouble 48. A. real

49. A. stared 50. A. arguing 51. A. lead

C. dived C. shouting C. carry C. applied

52. A. happened 53. A. sharp . A. agreed

C. attractive C. doubted C. Sadly C. speak C. listened C. saved C. pity C. for sure

55. A. Fortunately 56. A. return 57. A. joked 58. A. created

59. A. coincidence 60. A. on board

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)

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阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7. 7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51. 8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I

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didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life. 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片Growing Together，内容包括：

1. 短片内容：学校的发展； 2. 放映时间、地点； 3. 欢迎对短片提出意见。 注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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【答案解析】

第一部分 听力

1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A

12. B

13. A

14. B

15. C

16. A

17. B

18. C

19. C

20. A

第二部分 阅读理解 第一节

A

【语篇解读】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。 21.【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的go camping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的wild camping (野外露营)这个关键信息。故选A。 22.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的with Wilson，我们可以锁定第二个活动。根据On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War Ⅰ battlefields.可知，星期一是去往伦敦并在伦敦住一夜，第二天也就是星期二到法国北部去参观一战的战场。故选D。 23.【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的信息Potty about Potter last我们从最后一种活动来寻找答案。关键信息overnight意为“一夜的逗留”。故这个活动是持续两天。故选A。

B

【语篇解读】本文是一篇日常生活类说明文。文中讲述了人们热爱水果丰盛的7月，这时候各种水果营养丰富且含有对人体有益的微量元素，尤其是香蕉。我们可以利用它做一些孩子喜欢的甜点或冰淇淋。 24.【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。题干问的是，作者喜欢樱桃什么。根据第二段中As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares?（至于樱桃，因为它们很好吃谁在乎呢?）可知，作者在乎的是它的美味。故选C。

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25.【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.可知，往香蕉上滴新鲜的柠檬汁是为了防止香蕉变成褐色，故新鲜的柠檬汁是被用来保持香蕉的颜色的。故选B。 26.【答案】D

【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below可知，孩子们喜欢把一些水果和冷冻的香蕉放入到这台机器的上部，然后看到冰激凌从下面出来。故可以推出a juicer就是一台机器。故选D。 27.【答案】B

【解析】文章出处题。文章首先指出七月是水果盛产的季节，并指出各种水果富含的营养，最后一段指出我们可以用a juicer为孩子们做一些甜点和冰激凌，故最可能是从健康杂志上摘取的文章。A项意为：生物教科书；B项意为：一本健康杂志；C项意为：一篇研究论文；D项意为：一本旅游手册。故选B。

C

【语篇解读】据本周一公布的a Common Sense Media report报告显示，青少年和年幼的孩子们读书的乐趣大大减少。文中从阅读的乐趣，阅读的时间，阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响等角度展示了该报告的内容。 28.【答案】A

【解析】推理判断题。题干问的是这篇报道可能是关于什么内容。根据整篇文章，我们可以看出这篇报道讲述了孩子们阅读的乐趣，孩子们阅读的时间，孩子们阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响。A项意为：孩子们的阅读习惯；B项意为：孩子们所读书籍的质量；C项意为：孩子们的课后活动；D项意为：父母与孩子的关系。故选A。 29.【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的the proportion (比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.可知，很少为乐趣而阅读的人的比例已经分别从1984年的13岁的8%和17岁的9%上升到现在的22%和27%。也就是说，为乐趣而读书的人越来越少了。故选B。 30.【答案】C

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【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time可知，许多家长仍然电子阅读，主要是由于担心看一些电子屏幕的时间越来越多，也即是担心会伤害孩子们的健康。故选C。 31.【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.可知，有明显的证据表明，父母为孩子们做榜样并为孩子们作重要指导能培养孩子的阅读习惯。也即是说，父母可以通过给孩子们作榜样来鼓励孩子们阅读的。故选A。

D

【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。在当今社会，人们在公共场合或沉迷于智能手机，或与不舒服的沉默抗争，陌生人之间缺乏沟通。但人与人之间是需要适当的交谈闲聊的，闲聊是人际关系社会交往必不可少的部分，而且也有很多好处。 32.【答案】C

【解析】主旨大意题。题干问的是：第一段描述了什么现象。在公共场合（比如在电梯里，在银行排队，或在飞机上）人们深深地专注于他们的智能手机，或者更糟糕的是，与不舒服的沉默抗争。有此可知，陌生人之间缺乏沟通。A项意为：沉迷于智能手机。B项意为：在公共场所不适当的行为。C项意为：陌生人之间缺乏沟通。D项意为：对缓慢的服务不耐烦。故选C项。 33.【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题。题干问得是对于Carducci来说，成功的闲聊中重要的是什么。根据第三段最后一句“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them”（成功闲聊的关键是学习如何与他们交流，而不仅仅是与他们沟通。）由此推断C符合题意。A项意为：表现出良好的礼貌。B项意为：与他人有关的。C项意为：专注于一个话题。D项意为：做商业交易。故选B项。 34.【答案】D

【解析】推理判断题。题干问的是：咖啡店的研究对闲聊有什么建议。根据第四段的调查结果可知，那些与服务员聊天的人，有显著的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。由此可知，D项符合题意。A项意为：闲聊改善了家庭关系。B项意为：闲聊提高了人们的信心。C项意为：闲聊和正式谈话一样重要。D项意为：闲聊让人感觉很好。故选D项。 35.【答案】C

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【解析】主旨大意题。整篇文章刚开始介绍了社会的现象（公共场合人们沉迷于智能手机，陌生人之间缺乏沟通交流），接着分析了这一问题的原因，接下来有专家对闲聊进行了研究，最后得出结论，闲聊都有什么样的好处。A项意为：谈话很重要。B项意为：闲聊的方法。C项意为：闲聊的好处。D项意为：不舒服的沉默。故选C项。 第二节

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。 36.【答案】G

【解析】根据空前的内容“生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空后的内容“晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then listen up!（那么请仔细听!）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。 37.【答案】E

【解析】根据上一句Exercising makes you more awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释。故选E。 38.【答案】F

【解析】空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的益处，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸。故选F。 39.【答案】B

【解析】此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。 40.【答案】A

【解析】根据空后句子“If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的食物选择。）”，A项(你将坚持你的饮食。)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。

第三部分 语言知识运用 第一节 完形填空

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地

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点，作者救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子。 41.【答案】D

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13年了。由此可以暗示出是上一次见面。also也；often经常；even甚至；last上一次，故选D项切题。 42.【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮件，并且说要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。delight高兴，愉快；relief (痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；anger怒，忿怒；worry担心。故选A项切题。 43.【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。scared惊恐的；shocked震惊的；thrilled欣喜若狂的；ashamed惭愧的。故选C项切题。 44.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见面。talk谈话；stay停留；meet见面；settle解决。故选C项切题。 45.【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。bathe沐浴；clean清扫；deep深处；form形成。故选A项切题。 46.【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。faster迅速的；closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；heavier重的，沉重的；wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。 47.【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。trouble麻烦，困难；advance前进，进展；question问题，疑问；battle战斗，战役。故选A项切题。 48.【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。real真实的；right正确的，正常的；fair公平的；fit合适的。故选B项切题。

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49.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的T恤衫，跳入水中。stare盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；sink下沉，沉没；dive潜水，跳水；fall；击倒。故选C项切题。 50.【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying across the middle和下文He was unconscious可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。argue争论，辩论；fight打架；shout呼喊；shake摇动。故选D项切题。 51.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。lead领导，引导，带领；persuade说服，劝服；carry搬运，装运；keep保持；保存，保留；故选C项切题。 52.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen后接不定式，是\"碰巧\"的意思。故选B项切题。 53.【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的。sharp锐利的；锋利的；pleasant愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；attractive有吸引力的；引人注目的；familiar亲密的，熟悉的。故选D项切题。 .【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。agreed同意，赞成，承认，答应；hesitated犹豫，踌躇；doubted怀疑；疑惑；knew知道，了解。故选D项切题。 55.【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。fortunately幸运地，侥幸地；frankly率直地，坦白地，真诚地；sadly悲哀地，悲伤地；suddenly突然地，忽然地；故选A项切题。 56.【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well enough可知，应该是被允许出院。return返回；报答；relax放松，休息；speak说；leave离开。故选D项切题。

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57.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben转向我向我说谢谢。joke开玩笑；turn转向；listen听；point指出。故选B项切题。 58.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救了我的生命。create创造；创作；honor尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；save救，拯救；guide指导，指挥；故选C项切题。 59.【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!coincidence巧合，巧事；change改变，变更，变换；pity怜悯，同情；pain疼痛；痛苦。故选A项切题。 60.【答案】B

【解析】考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。on board在船上；in time及时；for sure肯定；on purpose目的。故选B项切题。 第二节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名认识的认可。 61.【答案】has grown

【解析】考查时态。since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown。 62.【答案】the

【解析】考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。 63.【答案】actually

【解析】考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。 .【答案】to improve

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。 65.【答案】than

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【解析】考查连词。句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知，填比较连词。故填than。

66.【答案】pollution

【解析】考查词性转换。句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。has decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。 67.【答案】global

【解析】考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。 68.【答案】started

【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：在2005年开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。 69.【答案】that/which

【解析】考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。 70.【答案】feeding

【解析】考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。 第四部分 写作 第一节 短文改错 【答案】When I was little, play card games of all

night was our family game night. After supper, we would

kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no

in the sitting room. As

matter how many times I asked to say to

them, my parents would not let me. They would

unwilling to play the games until I entered high school. The

that playing card games would help my brain. Still I

them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents

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games my parents taught me I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的个人经历。小时候周五夜晚家长不允许作者看卡通片，而是让他和他们一块儿玩扑克牌游戏。长大后作者才明白，这些纸牌游戏在后来的生活中很有用。

【解析】第一处：考查名词。名词作定语，往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等。名词所有格作定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。此处表示“星期五晚上”，并不是所有关系，故把Friday’s改为Friday。 第二处：考查名词单复数。all表示三者或三者以上，后用名词复数。故把sort改为sorts。 第三处：考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。故把the改为a。

第四处：考查动词不定式。句意：无论我要求多少次要去看（卡通片）。用不定式表示目的。故把watching改为watch。

第五处：考查情态动词。would后跟动词原形，故把to删除。

第六处：考查代词。句意：他们会对我说玩纸牌有助于大脑。偷换人称代词，是对“我”说，前面提到的I，而不是we。故把us改为me。

第七处：考查固定搭配。be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿意做某事，不情愿做某事”。本文介绍的是过去的情况，故用过去时。所以在unwilling前加was。

第八处：考查介词。play the games with sb.表示“和某人一块玩游戏”，故把for改为with。第九处：考查时态。根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般过去时。故把are改为were。 第十处：考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。 第二节 书面表达 略

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