2020-2021学年重庆市十八中学高三英语月考试题及答案解析

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

I started working with my hands at a young age. The youngest of five brothers, I took on the role as a “maintenance (维修) man” at an early age for our family’s small grocery store. Often my dad wouldn’t give me a clear idea of how something shouldbe done, so I just had to figure it out by researching or through trial and error.

Fast forward to 2016 and those problem-solving skills would become the focus of Tippecanoe High School’s Homebuilding class. I knew I wanted to teach the students skills that went beyond just being able to hammer nails or cut pieces of two-by-fours. The problem was that we didn’t have the resources at the time to do much else. The idea of attracting some type of funding seemed very important. Designing, building and selling a tiny house on wheels seemed like the perfect project to accomplishthe task. I reached out to a number of local businesses and most of them responded with the greatest support for what x k w we were doing.

This year we added a new element to the program. Through one of our partners, we were able to connect with the nonprofit Veteran’s Ananda Incorporated. Students in the Homebuilding class are leading the design and production of micro houses to be donated to this organization. The new partnership gives the students another focus to consider when designing and building the houses.

There has been no shortage of students since our first year. Three years ago we had 41 students, the next 191, and this year it was limited to just over 160 students so we could have a safe and manageable classroom environment. The number of girls taking the class has risen steadily over the last few years as well. This class offers something for everyone and the skills are universal. 1. How can we describe the young author? A. He opened a small grocery store. B. He did a lot of research in the lab. C. He enjoyed doing hands-on activities. D. He learnt about maintenance from his father.

2. What do the underlined words “the task” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Getting some financial support. B. Selling a tiny house on wheels.

C. Reaching out to many local businesses.

D. Offering the students some problem-solving skills.

3. What can be inferred about the Homebuilding class from the last paragraph? A. Its size needs increasing. B. Itis popular with the students. C. It has caused some safety concerns.

D. Its classroom environment is hard to manage.

B

“One person’s trash is another person’s treasure.” That’s a common expression, but the next time you throw something away, think about a twist on the old saying. What if your trash could become your own treasure? Many creative, thrifty, and environmentally minded people have come up with a way to makethathappen. It’s called upcycling. Our world would be a better place if everyone would begin upcycling.

Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful. For example, how about that pair of jeans with a hole in one knee? It could become a new pillow for your bedroom.

Upcycling is not the same as recycling. Upcycling is actually much better for the environment. Recycling takes an item made of glass, paper, metal, or plastic, breaks it down to its base material, and then uses that material to make another product. This requires a great deal of energy. On the other hand, when you choose to upcycle, the only energy you use is your own. And upcycling not only reduces the amount of trash that goes into our landfills, but it also protects natural resources, such as oil and gas. Recycling is good for the environment, but upcycling is even better.

Upcycling also makes a family’s budget stretch further. Of course, the idea of reusing items to save money is not new. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, many families lived on a tight budget. People had to use what they already had in order to meet their needs.

As responsible citizens, we should all be concerned with protecting our environment and budgeting our resources. Upcycling is a fun and creative way to help. The next time you go to toss something into the trash can, stop and think about what it could become. Chances are, there’s a brand-new item in your hand just waiting to be upcycled.

4. Why does the author mention an old saying in the first paragraph? A. To arise reader’s awareness of upcycling. B. To stress the importance of upcycling.

C. To lead in the topic of upcycling. D. To show the idea of upcycling. 5. Which one below belongs to upcycling? A. An old ladder is transformed into a bookshelf. B. Old tin cans are transported to landfill. C. A broken wooden door is chopped up. D. Old cloth is made into a paper bed.

6. What is the difference between recycling and upcycling? A. Upcycling is much more creative. B. Recycling is much easier to achieve. C. Recycling is much more cost-saving. D. Upcycling is much more energy-efficient. 7. What can be inferred from the text? A. Upcycling is popular at present. B. Upcycling is replacing recycling. C. Upcycling is worth recommending. D. Upcycling is a tradition in daily life.

C

A growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects (缺陷) and a father's age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers atGeorgetown University Medical Center. They say these defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.

The study, published in theAmerican Journal of Stem Cells, suggest both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring — a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrate, says the study's senior investigator, Joanna Kitlinska, PhD, an associate professor in biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology.

“We know the nutritional, hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure, cellular response and gene expression in her offspring,” she says.

“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers — his lifestyle, and how old he is, can be reflected in molecules that control gene function,” she says. “In this way, a father can affect not only his immediate offspring, but future generations as well.”

For example, a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal (胎儿的) alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), even though the mother has never consumed alcohol, Kitlinska says. “Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring.”

Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of certain diseases, and birth defects in his children. A limited diet during a father’s preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. Paternal obesity is linked to enlarged fat cells, changes in metabolic regulation, diabetes, obesity and development of brain cancer. Psychosocial stress on the father is linked to defective behavioral traits in his offspring. And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight, marked reduction in overall brain size and impaired cognitive function.

“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”

8. What’s the message the writer conveys in the passage? A. Both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring. B. Father’s age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects. C. Father plays a more critical role in birth defects. D. Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations. 9. What can we infer from the example in Paragraph 5?

A. FASD can only be diagnosed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol. B. A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol. C. A father’s lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring. D. Most children have biological fathers who are alcoholics.

10. Which of the following situations is less likely to lead to children’s birth defects? A. Having a father with a limited diet. B. Having a father who is an alcoholic. C. Having an overweight father. D. Having a father with psychosocial stress. 11. What will the research probably continue to focus on in the part that follows? A. The maternal epigenetic influences of a child.

B. The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.

C. The clinical application of the research findings. D. The interaction between maternal and paternal effects.

D

What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-­technology（生物技术）. With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Today’s leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.

In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells（细胞）are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will beable to take medicine to repair their organs（器官）. The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on－in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.

It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future. 12. According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ________. A. diseases and aging B. accidents and war C. accidents and aging D. heart disease and war

13. In the author’s opinion，today’s most important advance in technology lies in（在于）________. A. the Internet B. medicine C. brain cells D. human organs

14. Humans may live longer in the future because ________. A. heart disease will be far away from us B. human brains can decide the final death C. the basic materials of cells will last forever D. human organs can be repaired by new medicine

15. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?

A. Over 100 years. B. More than 120 years. C. About 150 years.

D. The passage doesn’t tell us.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

Thinking is great. But action makes things happen. One of the biggest differences with people that successfully grow,expand themselves, and reach their goals, is that they consistently take action. Action takes energy though, so where does that energy come from? It comes from inside.____16____

Here are several ways to light the fire and inspire yourself to take action.

Act like you mean it. Maybe you want to get in great shape, but are you acting like you mean it? How many hours are you putting in each week? What routines are you trying?____17____Who are your instructors and models? What actions are you taking? If you act like you mean it, you'll make better choices, show more confidence, and build energy that helps you spring up.

____18____Find some role models and heroes to use to lift your spirits. Just having some examples under your belt can inspire you to new levels. For example, for me, I always look to the amazing physical and philosophical achievements of Bruce Lee. Chances are, no matter what problem or challenge you're up against, somebody's been there and done that.

Shift to the future. Always thinking of the past is a quick way to bring yourself down. To lift yourself up, switch to the future and imagine the possibilities. See what's possible. This is where hope springs from. A few simple ways to shift to the future are... “How can I solve this?”…or \"What would good look like?”…or \"What's the end in mind?\"____19____

Connect to your values. You can connect everything you do to your values. This is a powerful way to inspire yourself with skill.____20____Whenever you take on a task, ask yourself, “What can I learn from this?\" or \"How can I improve this?” Simply by connecting to your values, you make use of your inner source of power. Your values fuel you and get you excited. A. Stand out from the others. B. Inspiration is a powerful force. , C. Stand on the \"shoulders of giants”. D.Or you want to be a leading figure.

E. It's a valuable tool for us to use in analyzing possibilities.

F. Questions are a powerful way to switch to the future in effective way. G. For example, let's say you value \"continuous learning\" or \"growth”.

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

How far would you go to help a friend? Jeremy Savage, aged 17, and Ian Marshall, aged 16, both fromCanada, had their friendship tested to the limit on a recent trip to theRocky Mountainswith their parents.

On Saturday morning, the two boys decided to___21___CathedralMountainby themselves while their parents relaxed at the___22___. After three hours, they reached the___23___and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop.

___24___, trouble began when they started the climb down. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian___25___three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to___26___. Jeremy had to decide what to do. He needed help but he did not want to leave his friend. He___27___the dirt and blood from Ian's face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian's right leg was hurting too much. They had to___28___and hope that help would come.

Meanwhile, as darkness started to fall, their parents back at the campsite became very___29___that the boys had not returned. They got in touch with park workers and began____30____for the boys. Soon more than 20 people were looking for them onCathedralMountain.

While they waited for____31____, Jeremy gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket. As the evening grew____32____and the temperature dropped, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents but Jeremy____33____did not leave. He thought it was too dangerous for Ian to be____34____on such a cold, windy night. Jeremy used his jacket and an extra shirt to keep Ian____35____and they rested together through the night.

At sunrise, Jeremy____36____that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain. So, they started the long climb back to the campsite. Sometimes Jeremy carried Ian on his back. Sometimes he carried him in his arms.____37____, after four long and tiring hours, they came____38____their relieved parents, who were still looking for them on the mountain. “I will always remember what Jeremy did for me,” said Ian____39____. “He saved my life. That is the greatest thing that a person can do for his____40____.” 21. A. jump B. climb C. travel D. walk

22. A. campsite B. hotel C. restroom D. mountain

23. A. edge B. bottom C. top D. side

24. A. However B. Therefore C. Often D. Usually 25. A. lost B. broke C. went D. fell 26. A. turn B. run C. move D. keep

27. A. washed B. cleaned C. repaired D. moved 28. A. wait B. sit C. leave D. try

29. A. scared B. worried C. disappointed D. amazed 30. A. working B. setting C. entering D. searching 31. A. help B. advice C. information D. service 32. A. colder B. shorter C. darker D. longer 33. A. always B. also C. still D. even 34. A. homeless B. useless C. caring D. alone 35. A. hot B. warm C. cool D. bright

36. A. wondered B. wanted C. asked D. decided 37. A. Quickly B. Finally C. Shortly D. Immediately 38. A. across B. along C. away D. after 39. A. again B. recently C. afterwards D. simply 40. A. family B. member C. man D. friend 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

The Chinese Writing System: Connecting the Past and the Present

China is___41.___(wide) known for its ancient civilisation.There are many reasons____42.____this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese____43.____(write) system.____44.____the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols____45.____(become) a well-developed writing system. By the Qin Dynasty, the Chinese writing system began to develop____46.____one direction. The writing system was of great____47.____(important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Chinaˈs present is____48.____(connect) with its past by written Chinese. Today, the Chinese writing system is still____49.____important part of Chinese culture. And more and more people are beginning to appreciate Chinaˈs culture and history through this____50.____(amaze) language. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节短文改错（满分10分）

51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

只允许修改10处，多改（从第11处起）不计分。

The other day, I was late for an appointment scheduling for 6 p.m. To make matters worse, my phone ran out of power. It was raining heavy and I couldn’t figure out what to do. I notice what appeared to be a mother and her daughter talking over here. I walked over and interrupted, “Excuse me, may I use your phone?” She handed them to me, explaining it was close to be out of service. That was why she didn’t have money to pay the bill.

After hanging up, I pulled out bill of $20. I pressed it into the mother hand. Her daughter thanked for me and I felt pleased and left.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

52.阅读下列短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

A man in Fairhope reunited with a special photo of his late wife that wasblownaway in the strong winds ofHurricane Sally, all thanks to the help of strangers,KimberlyandBjarke, on social media.

Scottsaid on Facebook the photo of his late wife, Amy, was usually on the dashboard of his Jeep. The photo was taken in April 2017, after Amy described it as “her first night home from the hospital”.

“In fact, we all knew her brain cancer had progressed,” he wrote. “The photo has sat in the same spot on the dashboard of her Jeep, now my Jeep for three years now.”

Three years ago, Amylosther battle with brain cancer. And the photo was someaningful for Scott. But when Scott and his daughter were traveling to Point Clear on Sept. 16 to check on Amy’s grave after Hurricane Sally went through the region, he said thephotowas swept out of his Jeep by winds.

“We stopped to get out and check and as soon as I opened the door a wind came through; because my little girl’s window was down, the photo took off,” he added.

Scott said he thought the photo was gone forever, because he thought the strong wind and heavy storm would dodamageto everything, until that Monday, Sept 20, when he spotted apost on the “What’s Happening in Fairhope” Facebook group.

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1:

Then he read the post which said how Kimberly and her husband Bjarke had found the photo.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2:

Scott was reunited with his beloved photo.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参

1. C 2. A 3. B

4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C

8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D

12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D

16. B 17. D 18. C 19. F 20. G

21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D 41. widely

42. why 43. writing 44. At 45. had become 46. in 47. importance 48. connected

49. an 50. amazing

51.(1). scheduling → scheduled (2). heavy → heavily

(3). notice → noticed (4). here → there (5). them → it (6). be → being (7). why → because (8). bill前加a

(9). mother → mother's (10). for去掉

52.略