10非谓语动词-冲刺2020年中考英语小题精练
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第一部分 第一部分:
一. 非谓语动词的含义
非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。
二. 非谓语动词的形式
非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。具体形式如下： 1. 不定式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来） 例如：
The teacher told us to do morning exercises . 老师让我们做早操。
2. 动名词：doing （表示主动） 例如：
Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future. 在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。 3. 现在分词：doing （表示主动和进行） 例如：
He sat there，reading a newspaper. 他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。 4. 过去分词：done
及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成；不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。
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内容 语法讲解 一、两年年真题、新题精练 第二部分 二、强化与巩固练习 三、18年各地真题 语法讲解
polluted river 被污染的河流 （及物动词pollute和river之间是被动关系，即“河流被污染”） fallen leaves 落叶（不及物动词fall和leaves之间是主动关系，即“叶子落下来”）
注意：非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。非谓语动词表示进行和将来是相对于谓语动作来说的：和谓语动作同时发生表示进行；发生在谓语动作之后表示将来 三. 非谓语动词的作用
非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外，其它所有成分都可以做。具体如下。 1. 不定式：做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。 To learn a foreign language is difficult .（作主语） 学会一门外语是很难的。
It’s easy to see their aunt.（作真正主语，it做形式主语） 很容易见到他们的姑姑。
Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.（作宾语） 汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。
His wish is to be a driver.（作表语） 他的愿望是当一名司机。 I have nothing to say.（作定语） 我没有什么可说的。
The teacher told us to do morning exercises . （作宾语补足语） 老师让我们做早操。
They went to see their aunt. （目的状语） 他们去见他们的姑姑。
2. 动名词：做主语、宾语、表语、定语。 Learning English is very difficult .（作主语） 学英语非常困难。
I enjoy dancing.（作动词宾语） 我喜欢跳舞。
I have got used to living in the country.（作介词宾语） 我已经习惯了住农村。
His job is driving a bus.（作表语）
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他的工作是开车。 a swimming pool（作定语）
3. 现在分词：做表语、定语、状语和补语。 The story is interesting.（作表语） 这个故事有趣。
He sat there，reading a newspaper.（作状语） 他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。
The area being studied may be rich in coal.（作定语） 这个正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。
He saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.（作宾补）他看到小偷正在从银行偷钱。
4. 过去分词：做表语、定语、状语和补语。 He is interested in the news.（作表语） 他对这则消息很感兴趣。 a polluted river（做定语） 一条被污染的河流
Given more time,I can do my work better.（做状语） 如果再被多给些时间，我会把工作做得更好。 I found my watch stolen.（做宾补） 我发现我的手表被偷了。 四. 非谓语动词重难点
1. 须用省去to 的不定式（do）作宾补的11个动词。 五看（see、watch、notice、observe、look at） 两听（hear、listen to） 三使（make、let、have） 一感觉（feel）
根据谐音记忆法，我们可以记做“吾看两厅三室一感觉”。 例如：
I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the house yesterday.
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昨天，我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。
注意：以上11个动词，也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补，但在时间和语态上会有变化，我们以see为例来区分一下。
see sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事 see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 see sb./sth. done 看到某人/某物被...... I see him make the phone call.
我看到他打了电话。（他打电话的整个动作我都看见了）
I see him making a phone call.我看到他正在打电话。（强调看到他正在打电话,并没有看见全过程.） We often see him surrounded by much work. 我们常常看见他被大量的工作包围着.
2.只接不定式（不能接动名词）作宾语的25个常用动词
want、would like、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask、beg、care、choose、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse 3. 只接动名词（不能接不定式）作宾语的28个常用动词
practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、 mind、miss、permit、prohibit
4. 既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8个动词 remember to do sth. 记住要做某事（未做） remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做） forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做） regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事（未做） regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做） try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 mean to do sth. 计划做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
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can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事 go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事情
第二部分：中考英语语法之——非谓语动词专项训练 一、两年真题、新题精练
1. (2019重庆A卷)He took off his expensive watch ________ the fact that he was rich. A. to hide B. Hid C. Hide D. hidden
2. (2019兰州)We are supposed________ some housework with our parents when we have free time. A. to share B. sharing C. shared D. share
3. (2019泰州)In his email, David promised ________ his daughter during her stay in Japan. A. visiting B. visit C. visited D. to visit
4. (2019哈尔滨改编)Kids like reading stories which can make them________． A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed
5. (2019合肥50中九年级二次质量检测)________ the task before going to sleep, he continued working for 6 hours without a rest.
A. Finish B. To finish C. Finishing D. Finished
6. (2019亳州市一模)________to smile at your life when you are in trouble, and you will soon be happy again.
A. Try B. To try C. Trying D. Tried
7. (2020新题)When Tom knocked at the door, I was busy ________ a model plane with my brother. A. make B. making C. to make D. makes
8. (2020新题)His wife advises him ________ anything out of the window while driving. It’s dangerous. A. not throwing B. not throw C. not to throw D. not thrown
9. (2020新题)I saw Tom ________ his key in the lock, turn it and open the door.
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A. put B. putting C. puts D. to put
二、强化与巩固练习 Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Mr. Scott made a living by ______ (sell) old things.
2. Trust him! He has no difficulty ______ (work) out the problem.
3. David preferred ______ (sell) newspapers to doing housework when he was young. 4. The student ______（name）Wang Lin is my example in English learning. 5. Davy enjoys ______ (play) tennis and baseball. Ⅱ. 单项选择
1. —Do you know whether the man _____ by the door is Mr. Smith? —Sure. We’ve known each other for a long time. A. stand B. standing C. stood D. stands
2. It’s dangerous ______with the wild animal. A. for us to play B. of us playing C. for us playing D. of us to play
3. —When are you going to have your hair_____? —This afternoon. A. cut B. to cut C. cutting
4. Drivers shouldn’t be allowed _____ after drinking, or they will break the law. A. drive B. driving C. to drive
5. We don’t know______ it next. Let’s go and ask Mr. Li. A. what to do B. to do what
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C. whether to do D. to do whether
6. Our English teacher encourages us_____ part in all kinds of after-class activities. A. to take B. take C. taking D. to taking
7. How kind you are! You always do what you can_____me. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps
8. The woman loves animals and she tries_____ these homeless animals. A. to hurt B. to eat C. to help D. to kill
9. —It’s a little cold today. Would you mind_____ the window? —Of course not. A. not opening B. not to open C. don’t open D. no opening
10. The reporter didn’t go to bed until he finished ______ the article. A. writing B. write C. to write D. wrote
三、18年各地真题
1. (2018上海)After she finished ________ the story, Alice wrote a review for her school newspaper. A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
2. (2018上海)I can't tell you what she said. I've promised________ it a secret. A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept
3. (2018天津)I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered ________ me to watch an opera.
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A. took B. takes C. to take D. taking
4. (2018重庆A卷)You should ask Bob________ his own clothes. He is ten years old now. A. wash B. washes C. washing D. to wash
5. (2018重庆B卷)Taiji is my favourite and I often play it ________ healthy. A. to keep B. keeps C. keeping D. kept
6. (2018河南)The boss asked Tim to go and ________ out if there was anyone else absent. A. find B. finding C. to find D. found
7. (2018广东)Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ________ an Oscar and finally he made it.
A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning
8. (2018南京)—Have you read the book Jane Eyre? —Yes. It's a famous book and really worth ________． A. to read B. reading C. to be read D. read
9. (2018兰州)The fridge doesn't work. Why not consider _____ a new one? A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. buying
10. (2018兰州)—Are you going swimming this afternoon? —I'd rather ________ with you. A. to go shopping B. go shoping C. to go shoping D. go shopping
11. (2018长沙)—Jane's spoken English is pretty good.
—Yeah, she works hard and practices ________ it both in and out of class. A. spoke B. to speak C. speaking
12. (2018呼和浩特)—I tried to make Alice ________ her mind but I found it difficult. —Well, I saw you ________ that when I went past. A. changed; do B. changes; doing C. change; to do D. change; doing
13. (2018苏州)Our teacher often advises us ________ the habit of making notes while reading. A. to develop B. develop
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C. to developing D. developing
14. (2018南充)My parents don't allow me ________ late. A. stay up B. to stay up C. stays up D. staying up
15. (2018青岛)We have worked so long. Shall we stop ________ a rest? A. have B. to having C. having D. to have
16. (2018临沂)These people dress themselves in bloody shark suits. They tell people ________ shark fins in order to protect sharks.
A. eat B. to eat C. not eat D. not to eat
17. (2018十堰)Two disabled men from Hebei Province (one is blind and the other has no arms) have spent over ten years ________ trees together. A. plant B. plants C. planting D. planted
18. (2018邵阳)She said she hoped________ her daughter. A. to see B. you to see C. seeing
19. (2018黄石)Mount Xiaolei is not far away from here, but it will still take us a few hours ________ there by bike.
A. getting B. to get C. got D. get
20. (2018郴州)—Why are you so excited?
—Nancy invited me ________ on a trip to Dongjiang Lake just now. A. to go B. go C. going
21. (2018宜宾)It's getting dark. You'd better________ out by yourself. It's dangerous. A. not go B. not to go C. to go
22. (2018阜新)A lot of students enjoy ________ with each other to solve the problems in class. A. discuss B. discussing C. to discuss D. discussed
23. (2018眉山)He realized that Americans can hardly avoid ________ products made in China. A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. bought
24. (2018天水)There was so much noise outside that the teacher couldn't make herself ________． A. hear B. heard C. to hear D. hearing
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25. (2018内江)Bad luck! The film star had her leg ________ while playing a part in a film. A. to break B. breaking C. break D. broken
26. (2018乐山)Tom, please remember ________ the lights when you leave. A. turn off B. turning off C. to turn off
27. (2018荆门)—Would you like to go swimming in the river, John? —Swim? Sorry, our teachers always tell us ________ in the river alone. A. don't swim B. to not swim C. not swimming D. not to swim
28. (2018徐州)David said that the glass was broken and warned me ________ it. A. don't touch B. to not touch C. not to touch D. no touching
29. (2018镇江)Our country encourages more students ________ football. Now many football clubs have been set up in schools.
A. play B. playing C. to play D. will play
30. (2018攀枝花)Tom has decided ________ a parttime job after he graduates from school. A．do B. to do C. did D．doing
31. (2018株洲)The Chinese team are working hard ________ honors in the2018 Olympic Games. A. to win B. win C. winning
32. (2018咸宁)—What does the sign mean? —It tells us ________ in pubilc. A. didn't smoke B. don't smoke C. not to smoke D. not smoke
33. (2018天水)The man drew a series of pictures about WeChat ________ how to use this software. A. to show B. showed C. shows D. to showing
34. (2018荆门)—My uncle is against wasting anything.
—No wonder he would rather ________ the old bike than ________ a new one. A. repair; to buy B. to repair; buy C. repair; buy D. to repair; to buy
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35. (2018齐齐哈尔)After dinner, he used to ________ computer games, but now he gets used to ________． A. play, walk B. playing, walking C. play, walking
36. (2018齐齐哈尔)We feel like ________ some food and drink because we'll invite some friends________ in a party.
A. buying, to join B. to buy, joining C. buying, join
37. (2018巴中)Tina is busy ________ at school, but she never forgets________ her mother every day. A. work; to call B. working; to call C. working; calling
38. (2018来宾)It is necessary for us students ________ the listening ability. A. to improve B. improving C. improve D. improves
39. (2018绥化)It's our duty ________ our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it. A. keeping B. keeps C．to keep
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