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how问与答知多少

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中学英语之友・初中・中旬刊 ⑨ h0 问与答知多少 贵州 郑代国 中学英语中涉及到很多how的问句,虽然同学们不断地学习它们的问答方式,但每当碰到 这种问句总有不同程度的疑问,对一些句子的怎么问和如何答不太明了。那么,到底如何对这 类句子进行问答呢?下面将逐一进行解析。 初次见面的问候,How do you do?用于彼此不认识、初次见面的场合中,表示客气。回答 仍用“How do you do?”。 表示你怎么样或你过得好吗,也可用“How do you do?”“这时等于How do you get on?”,回 答一般用“Thank you,I'm quite wel1.”。 二、问健康状况,How are you.9用于彼此已熟悉的人见面时询问对方身体状况的礼貌用语。 其答语是“Fine,thank you,and you?”。既用来表示对别人的谢意,又表示自己对别人的关心。 还可以用I'm OK.或Very wel1.等来回答。有时即使身体有些不适,出于礼貌也作如此回答。 三、对年龄的大小提问用how old。如: 一、——How old is our English teacher? He is thirty years old. ——四、问数量 1.用“How many+可数名词复数形式”问可数名词的数量。如: “How many books are there in the box?’’“There are fifty.’’ 2.用“How much+不可数名词”问不可数名词的量。如: “How much bread is there in the fridge?’’“Only a little.” 五、对数算结果、价格及物体的重量提问时要用how much。如: Thiteen plus twenty is thirty-three._How much is trhirteen plus twenty? This coat is fitfeen pounds.—}How much is this coat? His weight is! Q PQ 旦 !.—÷How much is his weight?(或’ hat is his weight?) 六、问方式、手段。如: “How do you usually come to school?’’“By bike.” “How did you get here?”“This little girl brought me.” 七、问天气。如: “HOW was the weather yesterday?(或What was the weather like yesterdav?)”“It was fine.” 八、问距离。如: “How far is your house from here?’’“It’S about 2 kilometres.” 九、问程度。如: “How do you like China?”“I like it very much.” ‘‘HOW does she like her work?’’“She likes it a lot.’’ 十、问长度 1.问物体的长度,意为“多长”。如: “How long is the boat?’’“It’S more than 10 meters.’’ 2.问时间的长度,意为“多久”。 ①对句子中带有from…to,until(til1),for,since,all等构成的短语,表示持续性的时间状 语进行提问时,要用how long。这类句子的谓语动词必须是延续性的,要用表示时间持续性的 短语或含有这些短语的句子来回答。如: ’ “How long has he been a worker?’’“About 3 years.’’ 一 Mr Lucilie Romero 4,Chernin des Goisieres,44230 Saint Sebastien Sur Loire,France 话鬯 发 一 ●一鬻爨 、。 ■■ ◎ ◎ 蠹 ⅡrD1, li嚣is as go0d话法天地 “How long has she taught in that school?’’“She has taught in that school since 1988.’’ ②对某些动词(如take,cost,spend,be等)后跟表示时间的宾语或表语提问时要用how long。如: It took me 2hours to do my homework. How long did it take you to do your homework? ——“How long did you live there?’’“I lived there for about 5 years.” 十一、问高度 1.问人的身高。如: “How tall is Mr Green?” “He’S about two meters(tM1).” 2.问物体的高度。如: “How high(tal1)is that tree?”“About 20 meters(high/tal1).” “How high is the hill?’ ‘More than 1,000 meters(high).’’ 十二、问重量。如: “How heavy is the box?”“It’S 1 0 kilograms(heavy).’’ 十三、问多宽、面积多大、多厚要用how wide(1arge,thick)。如: “How wide is the fiver?’’“It's 10 meters wide.’’ 十四、问时间。对表示“过多久以后”、“要到什么时候”和“即刻”等意义的时间状语提问时 一般用how so0n。一般用在将来时态或用在带有情态动词的句子中。谓语多用非延续性动词并 且多含有情态动词can,will,would等。谓语动词常见的有get,finish,leave,come,(be)back 等。常用in短语(表示再过多长时间)来回答。如: “How soon will you come back?”“I’11 be back in 5 minutes.” 十五、问原因或目的。如: “How is it that you’re still here?’’“Because I'm waiting for Jim.’’ 十六、问情况。如: “How are things in your factory?”“Thev’re very wel1.” “How is your English study?”“I study English very wel1.” 十七、问频率。how often表示“每隔多久”,“多少次”。可用在一般现在时,现在完成时或一 般过去时的句子中。对在句子中作状语用的always,usually,sometimes,seldom,occasionally,now and then,every day,every other week,once a month,every two years,three times an hour,never等 表示频率、次数的副词或词组提问时用how often,并且仍可用这些词或词组来回答。如: “How often do you get tO school very early?”“I usually get to school very early.but not always.’’ “How often did you have a meeting last year?’’“Once a week.” 十八、问意见、打算。 How about…?和What about…? 当你想征求对方意见、提供建议或提出请求时用How about…?或What about…?都可以。 相当于What do you think about…?或What’s your opinion concerning…?对方可根据自己的观 点作出回答。 ①征求同意。如: “What about a glass of milk?”“No.thanks.I think I'd like a bottle of orange.” “What about the one next to it?It’S cheaper.”“That'll be lal fight.” ②提出请求。如: “How about(What about a little help with these boxes?”“OK.” ③询问看法。如: “How about going to the park?”“Good idea.’’ 注意:how about与what about后只能用名词、代词、动名词等。不能用不定式或从句。 褥 左 袁珂湖北黄石市实验高级中学二年级9班435O0o 

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