09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01____

 B REMBO S .P.A. NANJING – CHINA OPERATIVE OFFICES IN BUILDING 2 01 27/10/2010 Emesso per RDO 00 12/10/2010 Emesso per approvazione Rev. Data Emissione Contr. Appr. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 2 INDEX LIST OF WORKS ......................................................................................................................... 3 BID TABULATION ..................................................................................................................... 6 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 3 LIST OF WORKS The contract is fixed-price. We consider included in the contract all the works as described in the attached drawings and finalized to the realization of the project, nothing excluded. We consider included also other possible works that may be necessary for the correct execution of the works in the project. For these further works the Contractor is not entitled of any extensions of the contract, being the contract a fixed-price one. Here there is a list, indicative and not exhaustive, of the main building activities in the contract: EXCAVATIONS AND BACKFILLS Resuming excavations under the ground level to the height of the foundations placement. Stacking of materials on the construction area of the quantity needed for backfills. Backfilling up to the height of ballasts placement with stacked materials coming from excavation. AGAINST GROUND WATERPROOFING Placement of waterproofing layer for foundations and walls against ground through supply and pose of a prefabricated waterproof membrane made with bitumens and plastometer polymers. The Betonite waterproofing sheets for structures below ground level, suitable for both horizontal and vertical surfaces. It is made from two layers of polypropylene geo-textile fabric which are needle-punched together to form a sandwich around a uniform layer of 5.1 kg of natural sodium bentonite. The needle-punching process involves the use of thousands of needles with a hooked tip, which force part of the fibres of the upper layer of non-woven fabric through the middle layer of bentonite, and stitch it to the lower support layer of geo-textile fabric. Thanks to this special sewing process, the micronized natural sodium bentonite contained in the sheets remains in position, even when it becomes wet or if it is applied on vertical surfaces. The properties make it form a self-sealing composite which, in contact with water or humidity in the ground, forms a gel with excellent waterproofing properties. References about the product: http://www.volteco.com/prodotti.asp?prod=Volgrip+HP_2 or: http://www.mapei.com/IT-EN/product-detail.asp?IDProdotto=2048&IDTipo=145&IDLinea=129 CONCRETE BLOCKS WALLS Construction of a plugging wall with hollow cement blocks in expanded clay, laid with mortar dispensed with 200kg of hydraulic lime. For all the walls are considered included: - supply and pose of the blocks through cement mortar; - the constructions of the pillars and curbs needed for the static function of the wall; - the construction of bevels and abutments for openings and lintels, also using special pieces; - the construction of ties to the structures through metal brackets sized in function of the horizontal action transmitted by the walls; - necessary scaffolding; - grouting of leaks. INDUSTRIAL FLOORS Construction of an industrial floor with carrying capacity of 8000 kg/sqm in reinforced concrete with welded steel grid: 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 4 * cast recovery joints tapped without blanks, galvanized \"Easy Joint\" type, height equal to the thickness of the floor, allowing the movement of the concrete plates in the two horizontal directions and transferring loads from one plate to another avoiding micro impacts of the wheels of the trolleys against the borders of the plates, including the subsequent sealing with elastomeric extruded resin (sealing excluded in the areas finished with polyurethane-cement resin or tiled); * cuts for expansion every 9 sqm of floor; * diamond cuts next to pillars or at the angles of interface with other rigid structures, depth equal to 1/5 of the total thickness and subsequent sealing with elastomeric extruded resin (sealing excluded in the areas finished with polyurethane-cement resin or tiled); * finish with a dusting of quartz with 3-4kg/sqm of premixed gray quartz according to the climatic conditions and to the cabability to embed of the concrete drawn with mechanical trowel; * adhesive insulating tapes for the creation of a perimeter joint in closed cells polyethylene, thickness 10mm. The thickness in the different areas, deductible from the project drawings, are different to guarantee the correct inclinations required by the project. The placement of the welded steel grids and the composition and the strength class of the concrete must be commensurated to the carrying capacity indicated on the structural drawings. The seals must be done after the aging of concrete occurred; the provisional filling of the joints must be done with preformed elastoplastic settled by pressure. RESIN FLOOR - second application with a spatula of epoxy pigmented two-component primer, addittivated with inert quartz with appropriate particles size, with dust on fresh of spheroid quartz; - sanding of the surface using a specific rotating brush equipped with abrasive discs; - third application with a spatula of epoxy pigemnted two-component formulated, addittivated with inert quartz with appropriate particles size, to obtain a coating of average thickness of 3mm; - incision using special equipment fitted with diamond discs of cuts for the control of the retreat at the expansion joints already existing; - taping of the edges; - injection of polyurethane resin in the joints and subsequent smoothing; - removal of the tapes. PLASTERING AND PAINTING Supply and pose of complete civil plaster for walls and internal ceilings including possible rough coat, with rustic in cement mortar and curl in cement plaster, thickness 20mm. Painting with white poster paint to be done on internal walls and ceilings, on two hands with brush or roller. Are included the preliminary works of preparation of the surface, like grouting, sanding and cleaning. ELECTRIC SYSTEM Installation of the electric systems for lighting, data transfer, telephony and security. MECHANICAL SYSTEMS Installation of the air condition systems with fan coils, complemented by a primary air system. METAL STAIRS Full Metal ladder self-supporting parapet and handrail. For the carpentry specification refer to the following chapter \" ELEMENTS OF DETAILS – METAL CARPENTRY\" 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 5 FALSE CEILING Supply and installation of ceiling in perforated plaster, 60x60cm. ELEMENTS OF DETAIL - CONCRETE Construction of reinforced concrete foundations following the indications of the project for the support of the concrete blocks walls. All the elements casted on site will be made with enduring reinforced concrete containing suitable aggregates and for every work are considered included all the processing and the supply and the installation of every element needed for the complete and to perfection manufacture. In particular always consider: * under foundation casts with lean concrete; * shuttering; * concrete structures; * steel reinforcement; * structural joints; * predisposition of all the projected perforations; * predisposition of the link to the ground by using terminals joint to the steel reinforcements. For the general requirements, the implementation and the consolidation of buildings in reinforced or simple concrete, for the calculation, the construction and testing of reinforced concrete structures, prestressed structures and metal structures follow the rules of the current local legislation. All the concrete works included in the contract will be performed according to the calculations of stability accompanied by drawings and a report, to be prepared and signed by a professional engineer registered in the Professionals Register, and to be delivered by the Contractor to the relevant offices and returned to the Construction Management within the period prescribed in the contract. The Contractor must follow the diagrams and drawings that are part of the project and attached to the contract, or the rules that will be provided, at its request, upon delivery of work. The examination and verification by the Construction Management of the projects of the various concrete structures do not in any way exonerate the Contractor from its responsibility under the law and the precise stipulations of the contract, it being contractually agreed that, despite the controls of any kind performed by the CM in the interest of the Client, the Contractor itself remains solely and completely in charge of the works, both for design and calculation, and the quality of materials and their implementation, and therefore it must meet the drawbacks that may occur, whatever is their nature, importance and consequences. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 6 Materials for concrete In addition to complying with the current regulations, the basic material for the manufacture of concrete must have the following characteristics. Water Must be free of SO4 (max. 1 g / liter) and chloride (up to 0.1 g / liter). The water must be clear and free of soaps, oils, acids, grease, silt. It must also have pH values between 6 and 8. In the case it becomes necessary, it shall be treated to reach a degree of purity suitable for the intervention to be performed, or additivated to prevent the occurrence of physical and chemical reactions with the production of hazardous substances. Always refer to the current legislation. Cement The cement, to be used in any of the works, must meet, in composition, grinding, quality, power, strength and more, the rules for acceptance under the current law. The cements are divided into: - Portland cement: a product obtained by grinding clinker (consisting essentially of hydraulic calcium silicates), with the addition of gypsum or anhydrite in the dosed amount needed to stabilize the hydration process; - Pozzolanic cement: homogeneous mixture obtained by grinding portland clinker and pozzolana (volcanic ash) or other pozzolanic material behavior, with the amount of gypsum or anhydrite necessary to regularize the process of hydration; - Cement from blast furnace: homogeneous mixture obtained by grinding portland cement clinker and granulated blast furnace basic slag, with the amount of gypsum or anhydrite necessary to regularize the process of hydration; - High alumina cement: a product obtained by grinding clinker consisting essentially of hydraulic calcium aluminates; - Cement for restraint barriers: normal cements, which have the minimum compressive strength values established by the current local law. For cementitious binders are intended those binders that have less physical resistance or different chemical requirements from those that will be established for the normal cement. They are divided into slow-setting cement mixtures and fast setting. The agglomerated cement in powder must not leave on the wire cloth sieve with unified format of an aperture 0.18 a residue of more than 2%, aluminous and normal cements should not leave a residue over 10% on a sieve having a unified format with wire mesh aperture of 0.09. Cement must be only slow-setting and meet the requirements prescribed in the rules for acceptance of the binders in force at the beginning of the construction. For special jobs the concrete may be subjected to additional tests. The manufacturer has a duty of good preservation of the concrete that is not used immediately in the works, taking care that the premises in which it is lodged are dry and well ventilated. The use of cement for a long time lying on the site must be approved by the Director of Works under its responsibility. The dosage of cement for reinforced concrete casts must not be less than 300 kg per cubic meter of dry mixture of inert material (sand and gravel or crushed stone); for the high alumina cement the minimum dosage must be of 250 kg per cubic meter. In any case, the mixture proportion of cement and inert materials must be done in order to achieve maximum compactness. The preventive control should normally run with particle size analysis or direct measurement of the voids with water or with preliminary tests on joists or cubes. The normal cement and the restraints barriers cement, used to make the normal, reinforced and prestressed concrete, must first be inspected and certified in accordance with procedures laid down in the current regulations. The cement, tested on normal mortar, must have the following minimum limits of mechanical strength, with 5% tolerance: 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 7 Normal and high Flexural strength strength concrete After After 3 After 7 24 days days hours 222Kg/cm Kg/cm Kg/cm - - 40 Normal - 40 60 High strength Compressive strength After After 24 28 days hours Kg/cm2 Kg/cm2 60 - 70 - After 90 After 3 After 7 After days days 28 days days 222Kg/cm Kg/cm Kg/cm2 Kg/cm - 175 175 325 325 425 - - High strength and 40 - 60 - 80 175 325 - 525 rapid hardening - 175 60 - 80 175 325 - 525 Alumina cement Restraints barriers - 350 - - - - - - 225 cement The cements must meet the following requirements, in which the quantity are expressed in percentage by weight: Cont. Cont. Normal and high strength Loss on InsolublCont. Cont. Test of of of of pozzolanic cements and restrains barriers ignition e of SO3 sulfides AlO residue MgO feature 23cements sulfur --- Normal < 5 < 3 < 3,5 < 4 --- --- Portland --- High strength <5 < 3 < 4 < 4 --- --- High strength and --- < 5 < 3 < 4 < 4 --- --- rapid hardening --- Normal < 7 < 16 < 3,5 < 3 * Yes --- Pozzolanic --- High strength < 7 < 16 < 4 < 3 * Yes --- High strength and --- < 7 < 16 < 4 < 3 * Yes --- rapid hardening --- < 5 < 3 < 3,5 < 7** --- < 2 Blast furnace Normal --- High strength < 5 < 3 < 4 < 7** --- < 2 High strength and --- < 5 < 3 < 4 < 7** --- < 2 rapid hardening < 35 Normal < 5 < 3 < 3 < 3 --- < 2 Alumina < 35 High strength < 5 < 3 < 3 < 3 --- < 2 High strength and < 35 < 5 < 3 < 3 < 3 --- < 2 rapid hardening Cement --- --- --- < 3,5 < 4 --- --- agglomerate [*] Soluble in HC1 [**]It is permissible for the blast furnace cement a content of MgO of more than 7%, provided that the cement meets with the requirements of the dimensional stability test in autoclave. The portland cement clinker used must of course match in composition that defined for portland cement. The blast furnace cement containing more than 7% of MgO must not overcome a dilatation of more than 0,50% during the dimension stability test in autoclave. Since the beginning of the dough the setting time should be as follows: 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 8 Normal and high resistence Alumina Restrains barriers Slow-setting cement mixtures Rapid-setting cement mixtures BEGINNING OF END OF SETTING SETTING non before 30 minutes not after 12 hours non before 30 minutes not after 10 hours non before 45 minutes not after 12 hours non before 45 minutes not after 12 hours at least 1 minute max 30 minutes The cement must be provided: - In sealed bags; - In special packaging with a self-closing valve that cannot be opened without tearing; - In bulk. If the hydraulic binders are provided in sealed bags they must weighing 50 kilograms closed with a sealed tie. The seal must be indelibly stamped with the name of the manufacturer and its production plant and the type of the binder. It must also be attached to the bag, by sealing, a label which indicates with strong, clear and indelible printed characters: - The quality of the binder; - The production plant; - The amount of water for normal mortar; - The minimum resistance to traction and compressive strength after 28 days of aging of the specimen. If the binders are supplied in special packaging with self-closing valve that cannot be opened without tearing, the signs mentioned above shall be printed in large characters on packaging themselves. The bags must be in perfect condition, if the packaging was altered or the product damaged, the goods may be refused. If the binders are supplied in bulk, the origin and quality of these must be declared with the documents accompanying the goods. The binders should be stored in repaired and dry silos or premises. They must in any case meet the requirements of the current legislation. Each type of cement used, or present on site must come from the same plant and made in a one-time production in an exclusively dedicated facility. The individual lots will be used in order of delivery. For the casting of “béton brut” uniformity of color should be ensured: therefore the cement will be particularly monitored. Aggregates Aggregates may be from natural sources or obtained by crushing solid rock and must be composed of siliceous materials selected and washed in order to exclude the presence of organic, silty, clay, gypsum or other matters that can still be harmful to the resistance of the concrete and of its reinforcements. The aggregates, if not expressly stated, may come from quarry or river, depending on the location where the works take place and in relation to supply preferences. They shall not in any case be porous, slate or silica-magnesite. Specifically excluded is the use of aggregates with free crystalline silica, used with cements containing sulfates at levels exceeding 0.7%. The mixtures of fine and large aggregates, mixed in appropriate percentage, should result in a constant granulometric composition, enabling to achieve the desired requirements both for fresh dough (consistency, uniformity, pumping, air incorporated ....) and for hardened dough (strength, permeability, elastic modulus, shrinkage, deformation ...).The grading curve will be 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 9 such as to obtain the compactness of the concrete with minimum cement content, consistent with other requirements. Among the chemical and physical characteristics of the aggregates it must also be considered the percentage of water, for a proper definition of the ratio water/cement (w/c), and the absolute specific gravity values for the calculation of the mixture of the dough. The aggregate should be divided by class; the thinner class shall not contain more than 5% of material retained on the sieve with square mesh of 5 mm side. Individual classes cannot contain sub-classes (size fractions that should belong to the lower classes) in excess of 15%, and above-classes (fractions that should belong to the upper classes) in more than 10% of the class. The classification of aggregates is made on the diameter of the grains and includes 5 classes: 0.08÷5 mm, 5÷10 mm, 10÷25 mm, 25÷76 mm, >76 mm. The maximum size of aggregate shall be such as to allow the conglomerate to fill every part of the artifact, taking into account the workability of the concrete itself, the metal framework and the pertinent concrete cover, the geometric characteristics of the structure, methods of casting and means of work. As a guide, you may use the following values: - Foundations and thick walls: 30 mm - Beams, pillars and slabs: 20 mm - Slabs of thickness <10 cm, slab ribs and thin membering: 12/13 mm The Contractor shall provide, at the request of the CM and at its charge, controls on the particles size the drafting of the distribution curves eventually prescribed. Should be applied to the current all rules and regulations. The distribution curves that will be used should be promptly submitted to the CM. Discontinuous granulometric compositions will be allowed with prior verification that the strength is found not less than that specified. For the casting of the “béton brut”, in particular, the aggregates must be free of all impurities, particularly pyrite; must also have uniform color for the whole duration of the cast and therefore should always be supplied from the same source. The normal aggregates are usually supplied loose; those special can be supplied loose, in bags or in road tankers. Both are measured in cubic meter of material settled on vehicles for the supply of some importance, or in buckets of conventional capacity equal to 1/100 of a cubic meter in the case of minimum quantities. Sand The natural or artificial sand should be well-matched in size, very clean, will not have traces of salts, earthy or muddy substances, organic fibers, brittle substances in general and will consist of strong grains, not from decomposed or gypsum rock. It must be creaking in hand, not leaving a trace of dirt and must be washed once or several times with fresh water, where necessary, to eliminate harmful materials and mixed substances. In order to minimize the phenomenon of bleeding into the concrete, particular attention will be given to the particles size of the sand. The size of the grains composing the sand must be such as to pass through a screen with circular holes of diameter: - 2 mm in the case of masonry work in general; - 1 mm in the case of rough coats of plaster and perimeter walls; - ½ mm in the case of adhesive plaster and perimeter walls. The normal sand is a silica sand, composite, with round granules, of natural origin, whose size distribution must be contained in the granulometric zone identified by the following table: Net span (in mm) Cumulative residue (percentage of weight) Designation of the screen 2,00 0 2,00 UNI 2331 1,70 5 ± 5 1,70 UNI 2331 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 10 1,00 33 ± 5 1,00 UNI 2331 0,50 67 ± 5 0,50 UNI 2331 0,15 88 ± 5 0,15 UNI 2331 0,08 98 ± 2 0,08 UNI 2331 For each batch of normal sand, grain size control must be conducted on a sample of 100 g. The sieving operation must be performed on dried material and ends when the amount of sand that passes through the sieve in a minute minute is less than 0.5 g. The sands produced in mill may be used upon acceptance of grain size by the Construction Manager. In any case, the Contractor must provide at its charge the formulation of a grains size scale of the sand used whenever the CM so requests; the grain size must be determined according to the current regulation. Gravel and crushed stone For the quality of gravel and crushed stone to be used in the formation of concrete follow the same standards required for the sand. The gravel must be composed by clean elements of limestone or acidic material, well-matched, made of resistant and non-frost elements, free from alien substances, from loose, earthy, organic or otherwise harmful substances. The gravel should be washed with fresh water, where it is necessary, to remove harmful materials. If crushed stone is used instead of gravel, this must come from the crushing of solid rock, very hard, siliceous or pure limestone, with high resistance to mechanical stress, free from earthy materials, sand and, however, heterogeneous materials, not chalky or damaged by frost, must not contain powdery materials or impurities, must be composed of elements, whose dimensions satisfy the conditions set for the gravel. The crushed stone must be washed with fresh water when it is necessary to eliminate harmful materials. The maximum diameter of conventional crushed stone used should be determined based on the characteristics of the structures to cast, taking into account their size and the footprint of the metal frameworks, and of the 'wall effect’ of the frameworks themselves and of the containment formworks. The dimensions to be taken as a reference, should be such as to pass through a screen with circular holes of diameter: - 5 cm in the case of elevation or foundation works, retaining walls, piers, shoes and similar coatings; - 4 cm in the case of the faces of the cast; - 3 cm in the case of faces of hoods or work in reinforced concrete or thin-walled. The smallest elements of the gravels and crushed stones must not pass in a round mesh sieve of a centimeter in diameter, except when used in hoods or works in reinforced concrete and thin walls, in which case are allowed smaller items. If the cement used is aluminum, it is also allowed the use of chalky rock, when the supply of the another type is particularly difficult and it is solid rock, non-frost and of determined resistance. Other types of aggregates The pumice will present a granular structure closed cavities with rough surfaces, must be dry, free from organic matter, dust or other foreign material. The average bulk density of pumice should not be higher than 660 kg/m3. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 11 The expanded pearlite is in the form of granules, with grain sizes ranging from 0 to 5 mm in diameter, completely free from dust or other foreign matter and must be fireproof and non-putrescible. The bulk density of expanded pearlite ranges from 60 to 120 kg/m3. The expanded vermiculite is in the form of granules, with grain sizes ranging from 0 to 12 mm in diameter, completely free of any impurity and must be fireproof and non-putrescible. The bulk density of vermiculite is between 70 and 110 kg/m3 depending on the size. Expanded polystyrene is in the form of granules, with grain sizes ranging from 2 to 6 mm in diameter, completely free of any foreign matter and must be resistant to mold, bacteria, insects and resist aging. The bulk density of polystyrene foam is between 10 and 12 kg/m3 depending on the grains size. The expanded clay is in the form of granules, made of grains with a closed and glazed inner cell structure, with a hard and tough outer skin. For expanded clay granules and clay schists it is required: for expanded clay, surface structure mostly closed, with the exception of size fractions obtained by crushing after firing; in the case of expanded clay schists: structure not-flaked, excluding crushed elements as indicated above. Each grain, brown, must have a round shape and be free of active materials, or organic or combustible, must be resistant to acids and alkalis, and must maintain its quality in a wide temperature range. The granules are floating on the water without absorbing it. The specific weight of the clay is expanded from 350 to 530 kg/m3 depending on the size. Addittives for concrete Additives are substances of different chemical composition, in the form of powder or aqueous solutions, which are classified according to the nature of the alteration they produce to cement mixes. The UNI EN 934/99 regulation classifies the additives having, as the primary functionm, that of: - Fluidizing and super-fluidizing of normal use, that take advantage of the dispersant and wetting properties of natural and synthetic polymers. Their action is expressed through the mechanisms of electrostatic type and promotes the removal from each other of the individual particles in the incipient stage of cement hydration, allowing for improved wettability of the system, despite the same water content; - Aerating, whose effect is achieved through the use of special surfactants of different nature, such as salts of natural resins, sulfonated hydrocarbonated salts, salts of fat acids, proteins, etc.. The working process is based on the introduction of small air bubbles in the mixture of concrete, which become one with the matrix (gel) which binds the aggregate in the hardened concrete. The presence of air bubbles promotes the resistance of concrete to freeze-thaw cycles; - Retardant, which act directly on the hydration process of cement paste delaying the beginning of the setting and dilating the intervention of start and end of setting. They are mainly composed of lignin polymers properly sulphonated, or of sugary substances from residues of agricultural and food processing; - Accelerator, consisting primarily of inorganic salts from various sources (chlorides, phosphates, carbonates, etc..) that has the ability to influence the setting times of the cement paste, favoring the aggregation process of the cement matrix through a mechanism of ion exchange between such substances and silicate hydrates in forming; - Antifreeze, which lowers the freezing point of an aqueous solution (in this case that of mixing water) and the progress of hydration reaction, slowed its kinetics, even in temperatures below 0 degrees. For maximum benefit, each additive must be planned and executed with the utmost care, following literally the rules for the use of the manufacturer. The manufacturer must show results from a large trial practice on the type and dose of the additive to be used, should also show evidence of official laboratories showing that the product complies with the current regulations and ensure the quality and consistency of the characteristics of the product . The additive manufacturer shall make available, upon request, its skilled and specialized in the 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 12 use of additives technicians, for solving various technical problems arising from the use thereof, in relation to the efficient execution of the work. Dosage according to the manufacturer's instructions, however,> 10% by weight of the dough. Modality of execution The cement and the aggregates are measured in general by weight, while the water is usually measured in volume. The Contractor shall adopt, in accordance with the current legislation, a dosage of components (gravel, sand, water and cement) in order to guarantee the characteristics and strength class provided in the project. It should also ensure that the concrete can easily be processed and installed, in order to pass through the frameworks, completely surround them and reach all corners of the formworks. If not expressly stated elsewhere, the dosages are approximately expressed as: - Lean concrete: cement: 150 kg sand: 0,4 m3 gravel: 0,8 m3 - Normal concrete: cement: 250/300 kg sand: 0,4 m3 gravel: 0,8 m3 - Fat concrete: cement: 350 kg sand: 0,4 m3 gravel: 0,8 m3 Water/cement ratio The determination of the optimal water/cement ratio to be taken in mixes of concrete shall be subject to a number of preventive tests that take into account the type and dosage of cement, the nature and size of aggregates and their average surface humidity, the characteristics of structures to be cast and of the system and the power and frequency of the vibrators used in the compaction works. The effective water/cement ratio must never be more than 0.45. In cases of special needs, should be used in preference special additives, rather than provide the addition of excess quantities of water to facilitate the implementation of the casting. The use of additives should be reported to the CM and will be charged to the contractor. When calculating the water/cement ratio the humidity of the aggregates should be taken into account. Concrete particle size The aggregate to be used in the preparation of the concrete must meet the requirements relating the aggregates contained in this specification. The storage must be done in special silos, hoppers or deposits crafted for water drainage. The composition of the dough should be studied with reference to 1 cm of fresh concrete on site, taking into account the fixed dosage of cement and water/cement ratio to be adopted for individual works. Casting of particularly complex structures cannot be started before having attained good results on tests performed at 28 days on specimen of concrete prepared in accordance with the particle sizes studied. Preparation of the concrete Must be performed in accordance with the current regulations and technical standards for ordinary concrete. The concrete must be packaged by the Contractor in a special mixing plant in accordance with the rules, the clauses of this specification and the design cues. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 13 Ready-mixed concrete can be used, with the explicit approval of the CM. All the precautions and requirements set out above should also be applied by the Contractor of ready-mixed concrete. The Construction Management reserves the right, after agreements and with the support of the Contractor, to access the pre-packing facilities, performing all the checks and investigations considered appropriate. The CM however will require documentation demonstrating the strength and the nature of the components of the concrete supplied. The Contractor, however, is solely responsible for the dosages of concrete and their compliance to obtain the strength required in the drawings and contract documents. This also applies to eventual operations for pump casts. The manual plants are allowed for small casts not statically significant and with the approval of the CM. In this particular case, they must meet the following requirements: - the dosage of cement and aggregates will be made by weight, with a tolerance of 2% and 3%; - the dry components of the dough, mixed at the same time and placed so as not to result in loss of cement, should be mixed until the obtaining a homogeneous mixture before adding water; - the water will be regulated by flow meters and its addition will be completed progressively by 25% of the total time of mixing; - the addition of fluidizing, retarders and accelerators, approved by the CM, will normally be done before the end of the addition of the water; - the time of mixing should be commensurate with the type of mixer and the composition of the dough. In every case it must be such as to ensure complete mixing of the dough with water and cement aggregates, and should not be prolonged more than necessary so as not to result in early segregation of the components; - each load will have to match the capacity of the mixer, which will be fully emptied before starting the next cycle. - the consistency of the dough will be verified with tests of lowering the cone of Abrams, that, on the arithmetic average of the measurements will give the following values: - moist texture: fall to 0-2 cm cone - plastic consistency: fall to 3-7 cm cone - fluid consistency: fall to 8-15 cm cone Concrete transportation The transportation of concrete from the plant to the area of cast must be done by means of transport owned by the Contractor, which must prevent the separation and loss of materials and ensure a continuous supply of concrete. The transport with means without the mixing device for the dough is allowed only if the time between the discharge of the concrete in the mixer and its cast does not exceed half an hour. For longer periods the Contractor shall provide continuous mixing during transport. The capacity of the vehicles tanks should be equal or round multiple of that of the concrete mixer of the mixing plant to avoid the splitting of the mixtures in the distribution. The means of discharge shall allow the control of the speed and extent of the cast. Any water evaporated or lost in transit will be integrated immediately before casting, provided that this is done inside the rotating containers and so that the added water is mixed evenly with the mass of concrete. For casting directly by the concrete mixer it is forbidden absolutely to thin the mixture with addition of water. The mixing time shall be such as to produce a mix that meets the requirements of the test of homogeneity in the subsequent paragraphs. The time between the start of operations of mixing and the end of disposal shall not cause an increase in consistency greater than 5 cm in the test of lowering the cone. Concrete cast The Contractor shall: 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 14 - Prior to casting always inform the CM in order to allow the monitoring of the positioning of the framework; - Carry out the transport of concrete to avoid contamination, segregation or loss of aggregates and premature start of the setting; - At the time of casting, ensure that formwork and reinforcement are clean, free of debris or standing water (timber formwork should be wet, those in metal panels shall be handled with a disarming product); - Cast the concrete in the middle of the formwork, spreading it in horizontal layers of varying thickness between 20 and 40 cm depending on the type of structure; - Never cast the concrete in large heaps and then relax it with a vibrator, but proceed with small layers possibly using hoppers or ducts especially in areas densely reinforced; - Always keep the casting in a continuous operation until the joints and with fall height never exceeding 50 cm; - Immediately compact the concrete by using needle vibrators of suitable frequency (8000-10000 rounds per minute for the béton brut) each immersed 40-80 cm vertically and withdrawn slowly, avoiding contact with the framework (if the vibration of concrete produces the separation of the components, the slump of the same shall be suitably reduced); - Always record dates, time and temperature for each cast. In order for the cast to be considered monolithic, the time between the laying of a horizontal layer and overlapping with the next layer should not exceed about 3 hours at room temperature T = 20 ° C, or the equivalent time (t) in hours, calculated using the following formula or deducted from the corresponding table: t = 3 (h) x 30 (°C)/(T + 10 (°C)) t (h) T (°C) 6.00' 5 4.30' 10 3.35' 15 3.00' 20 2.35' 25 2.15' 30 2.00' 35 unless it was added to the mixture a suitable retardant additive. In case the break exceeds the time and that has not been used a retardant additive, it must be spread on the surface of the recovery layer a coat of cement mortar of thickness of 1-2 cm, with a cement content of at least 600 kg per cubic meter. In the event that the interruption is longer than 8 hours at room temperature of T = 20 ° C or than the equivalent time (t') in hours calculated using the following formula or deducted from the corresponding table: t’ = 8 (h) x 30 (°C)/(T + 10 (°C)) t’ (h) T (°C) 16.00' 5 12.00' 10 9.35' 15 8.00' 20 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 15 6.50' 25 6.00' 30 5.20' 35 the surface of the recovery layer must be washed with water and sand under pressure, so as to lay bare the inert skeleton and proceed as above. If the conglomerate should have characteristics of impermeability, on the surface should be laid, before the cast injection, a layer of expansion mortar. The same treatment is prescribed if the recovery of the casts will take place after the revitalization of the recovery area. The positions of the construction joints and of the recovery layers shall require prior approval from the CM. In particular, it is explicit obligation on the Contractor not to perform construction joints in structures which must guarantee a fully monolithic behavior. Expansion joints must be made and located as indicated in the project. The surface of the concrete at the joints must be made regular to maintain a constant gap, smooth and clean for the whole extension of the joints themselves. Waterproofing and sealing of expansion joints is achieved by incorporating in the casting PVC or rubber tapes, sheets of brass and copper, bituminous or not, or the profiles provided in the project. The structures, during the hardening phase, must be protected from frost, extreme heat and heavy rain, as well as on those structures will be prohibited the transit of people, vehicles or indeed any form of solicitation. The maturation with spread local heating is allowed only by written agreement with the CM. Upon disarming the concrete surfaces must be flat, with sharp edges, burr and thin-free. Any minor defects, if tolerated by the Client, must be eliminated at the expense of the Contractor. Special precautions for the execution of the casts during the cold season During cold periods the Contractor must particularly ensure that aggregates do not form agglomerations with ice, especially in the sand. To do this it will be needed to provide the appropriate arrangements, which will also include the heating of the aggregates with the appropriate means. The temperature of the dough at the time of casting, shall in no case be less than 13 °C for the casting of structural sections of thickness less than 20 cm, and 10 °C in other cases. To achieve these temperatures will be required, if necessary, to prior heat the aggregates and the mixture water. It must be avoided, however, that the mixing water is in direct contact with the cement, where the temperature exceeds 40 °C. When water temperature exceeds 40 °C it will be adopted the precaution of first placing in the mixer the water with aggregates only, and then add the concrete when the temperature of water-aggregates mixture will have dropped below 40 °C . In cold weather it is advisable to add winter accelerators (improperly called antifreeze): the use of these products to be added to the mixture is always strictly subject to prior approval in writing by the Client. It is also generally allowed the use of inert heated with infrared heaters, hot air currents and jets of steam so that their temperature and that of cement is higher than 0 ° C. The formworks and the concrete structures that are to receive the cast must be clear of any ice formation and bring to a temperature above 0 °C. During the cold season, the time for the removal of the formworks of the structures must be extended to take into account the longer period needed to achieve the required strength (at least 20% of Rck required and no more than 50 kg/cm2). Until the removal of the formworks, should be checked, using thermometers placed in specially crafted holes in the structures, that the temperature of the concrete will not fall below + 5 °C. Are prohibited casts with temperatures below zero or expected to drop below zero. Up to temperature of -5 °C the CM, in agreement with the Contractor, will decide to allow the casts after its approval of additives and of the precautions to be taken, while remaining the 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 16 Contractor responsible for the work performed; accordingly, the CM is authorized to order the Contractor to perform at their own expense (of the Contractor) the demolition of the casts subject to short-term too low and not expected temperature. Special precautions for the execution of the casts during the hot season In hot weather it is especially needed to take care that the dough temperature never exceeds 30 °C. To do this it will be necessary to prevent excessive heating of the aggregates, both properly protecting deposits, and maintaining continuously moist the aggregates (so that the continuous evaporation of water at their surface prevents overheating). If the temperature cannot be maintained below 30 ° C, the casting must be suspended unless it is added to the mixture an effective plasticizer-retardant additive, to eliminate the disadvantages of high temperature (the loss of workability and therefore the increased need of mixing water; the speeding up the setting). When the ambient temperature will be high, care should arise to accelerate the time lag between the packaging and the casting of the dough. If you use pumps to transport the mix, all associated piping must be protected from overheating. During the hot season shall be performed more frequent monitoring of consistency of the cast. With very high room temperature, may be forbidden the addition of water. The aging of the conglomerates should be run in a continuously wet environment, protected from overheating. Instead of wetting, the surfaces of the casts can be treated with special anti-evaporation paints. The casts with temperatures exceeding 32 °C must be licensed by the CM Concrete aging Before the removal of the formworks all the unprotected surfaces of the casts must be kept moist with continuous wetting or other appropriate measures for at least 7 days. This requirement should also apply to those areas which can be disarmed before 7 days. All surfaces of the casts must always be protected from direct sunlight, dry wind, rain and mechanical shocks. The operations of wetting can be replaced by the use of protective anti-evaporation coatings. This measure should be strictly adopted if it is found that the surface wetting causes efflorescence. The methods of protection of the casting as to maintain the conditions required for curing shall be chosen by the Contractor under his full responsibility, but must be approved by the CM. Executive prescriptions The casts of the cantilevered slab should always be carried out simultaneously with the casting of the floor. In the casting must be included all the formworks, tanks, pipes, etc.. likely to create the holes, cavities and passing indicated in the drawings of structures and technological systems, and should be put in place various hardware (metal inserts, anchor, bolts, etc..) to connect walls and other structural and / or finish elements. Are forbidden, unless the approval of the CM, all the casts against the ground. Regardless of the dosages, the executed casting must be compact, with no large bubbles, without surfacing of the frameworks; frameworks, and all the recovery accessories (neoprene joints, plates, etc.) and all inserts must be positioned correctly. All the dimensions in the drawings must be respected and to that purpose the manufacturer must provide in advance to take into account any adjustments or movements of the formwork and reinforcement. All charges will be included in the cost of concrete, unless explicit reference is made in the list of the different items of the project. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 17 The casting of structures designed to receive a paint finish only must be made with metal molds to ensure a most smooth surface of the cast possible. Any irregularity should be corrected at no additional cost. Specimens During the manufacturing of the concrete the Contractor shall include the collection and preservation of concrete specimens in sufficient number in accordance with the rules and in accordance with the requirements of the Construction Manager. As for indications regarding enforcement test, storage and reports for reinforced concrete, apply all applicable laws and those that were enacted during construction. They will also be carried out tests on reinforcement bars according to the prescriptions contained in the current local regulation. The charges related to the collection, maturation and certification of the specimens shall be borne by the Contractor performing the works. Vibration The rules and types of vibration must be approved by the Director of Works while remaining the Contractor responsible for the vibration and all the operations relating to the casting. The cost of any vibration is always considered included in the price of the casting. Tolerance The tolerance admitted for the flatness of the casting, measured with a 3 m straight bar, is ± 4 mm. for all the horizontal surfaces. The tolerance allowed for the verticality of the casts measured at the height of an interpolation (the interval between two horizons partial or total) is ± 1 cm and cannot be combined for different floors. The overall tolerance allowed for the verticality of the casts, measured on the full height of the elements is equal to 1/1000 of the same height. The tolerance allowed for measures in horizontal, in relation to each floor and not combined, is equal to ± 1 cm for the maximum size of the plan. Special care must be taken in the execution of the casts that will receive metallic elements. STEEL FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE Ferrous materials and various metals The ferrous materials must have characteristics of high quality, be free of defects, waste, chipped edges, blowing, rubbing, burning, straw and any other apparent or latent defect of melting, rolling, drawing, forging and similar; must also be in excellent state of preservation and free of rust. Subjected to chemical analysis must be free of dirt and abnormal substances. Their micrographic structure must be such as to demonstrate the great success of the metallurgical process of manufacture and to prevent any deterioration resulting from the subsequent machining or hand operation that may impair its safe use. The materials to be placed in other structures or that need to be painted, must arrive on site protected by a coat of antirust. They must submit, according to the current local regulation, depending on their qualities, the requirement listed below. Iron The common iron must be of top quality, highly flexible and tough and with very prominent fibrous structure. It must be malleable, smooth to the outer surface, without cracks, welds or other interruptions. The use of iron round rods, where it was prior formed a layer of rust, must be authorized by the CM. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 18 Drawn steel or rolled mild steel For the first variety is required perfect malleability and ductility both in hot and cold conditions, so not to generate cracks or deterioration; it must also be weldable and not likely to take the tempering; at breaking will have to present bright and fine granular structure. The extra mild laminate steel must be highly malleable and soft, perfectly workable in cold and hot conditions, with no cracks or alterations; it must also be weldable and not likely to take the tempering. Molten cast steel The steel in castings for bearings, hinges, rollers and any other work, should be of top quality, free from blowholes and other defects. Steel for normal reinforced concrete It is imposed a limit of 14 mm of maximum diameter for the steel for reinforced concrete supplied in rolls to avoid the use of bars that, as a result of an excessive straightening, may incur in an excessive decay of the mechanical characteristics. For larger diameters it may be used with the authorization of the Central Engineering Department, with the approval of the Board of Public Works. Steel for prestressed reinforced concrete The provisions relate to the prestressing steel for armor provided in the form of: - Wire: wire products of full section which can be provided in rolls; - Bar: Rolled products of solid section which can only be provided in the form of straight elements; - Braid: groups of 2 and 3 wires helix wrapped around their common longitudinal axis; pace and roll sense of the helix are equal for all wires of the braid; - Strand: groups of helix coiled wires in one or more layers around a straight wire, arranged according to the longitudinal axis of the whole and completely covered by layers. The pace and roll sense of winding of the helix are the same for all the threads of a single layer. The wires can be smooth, wavy, with inprints, round or other shapes; they are classified by the nominal diameter or the nominal equivalent diameter referred to a circular section of the same weight. It is not allowed to use smooth wires in prestressed structures with pretensed frameworks. The bars can be smooth, continuous thread or in part, with ribs; they are identified by the nominal diameter. Drawn, profiled, rolled Shall be provided to any laboratory testing required in the Contract or by the CM, features no less than those prescribed by the rules for their acceptance; in particular iron rebars for reinforced concrete, of the various types considered, must be provided with the data testing of the manufacturer. From the traction strength tests should be obtained the following results: - For mild steel (iron basis): tensile strength between 42 and 50 kg/mm2, yield strength not less than 23 kg/mm2, elongation at break of not less than 20 per cent; - For ligatures or stirrups of pillars may use mild steel with tensile strength between 37 and 45 kg/mm2 without specifying the lower limit of yield; - For the semi-hard steel: tensile strength to strength between 50 and 60 kg/mm2, yield strength not less than 27 kg/mm2, elongation at break not less than 16%; - For the hard steel: tensile strength between 60 to 70 kg / mm ², yield strength of not less than 31 kg/mm², elongation at break not less than 14%. Lead, tin, copper and other metals or metal alloys to be used must be of the best quality, well-cast or rolled, depending on the kind of work they are intended for, and free from all impurities or defects which vitiate the form, or would affect the strength or duration. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 19 Steel rebars for reinforced concrete The rebars should satisfy the properties listed on the specific regulation. The entire provision should be of the type CHECKED IN PLANT and will be accepted on site without further checks if accompanied by an official laboratory certificate and if equipped with tie-branded or marked with the manufacturer's trademark hot-rolling. The CM, at its sole discretion, may carry out inspections of steel already checked in the factory, charging the tests on the Contractor. For these bars the diameter will be between 5 and 26 mm for steel FeB44k. The bars should be stored off the ground, preventing them from being soiled by other substances. At the moment of the cast they must be clean and free of localized corrosion, scale-free from drawing, free rust, ice, oil and other harmful substances to the framework, the concrete and the adhesion between the two. It is strictly forbidden to hot bend the bars, the bending should be carried out using mechanical benders. The anchorage of the bars will be made in accordance with the current regulation. The overlap of the bars will be made in accordance with the current regulation specifying the system to be adopted. The concrete cover and air-gap must be in accordance with the current regulation. The spacers placed between the two plates arranged on opposite sides of walls and partitions should be the minimum number of 6/sqm. Welded mesh panels Welded mesh panels will consist of rebars for reinforced concrete Fe B44 k and must comply with the requirements of the current regulation. They will be formed with wires having a diameter between 5 and 12 mm and mesh up to 35 cm per side. FORMWORKS Normal formworks Shall be constructed of wood boards or metal panels that are sufficiently strong, well-linked and stiffened to prevent bulging and peeling of the same during the casting and vibration. Where necessary, sealing must be ensured with the adoption of strips, filling and topping up with outside, especially at the point of recovery leading to structures already built. The faces must be adequately treated in order to facilitate removal. The sign of any construction joints should be avoided by fixing the shuttering of wooden rulers marking the line of separation of the two casts to come. The edges in the view must be cut to 45° with contoured strips attached to the formwork. The metal panels metal must be regular and not deformed, placed at a constant distance, with the joints evenly staggered, preventing vertical recurrences . Where necessary the sealing of the connections between panels shall be provided by sealants or gaskets. The contact areas between vertical and horizontal structures and areas that provides a special aesthetic effects is required a different arrangement of the boards or panels, they should be separated by shutters made by rules applied to the formworks. The same applies to gutters. Installation The formwork should be sized and mounted in place to withstand the worst combination of: - Total weight of formwork, reinforcement and concrete; 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 20 - Loads of work, including the dynamic effects of laying and compaction of concrete and traffic of personnel and means of work; - Loads of wind and snow. The formwork of the bending elements are mounted in place with the counterjib specified by the CM. During assembly of the formwork provided inserts must put in place or must be provided boxes to receive them. Spreader bars placed between the molds of the walling will be of the type with to lose plastic sheath, and will be placed with constant pace to be agreed with the CM. The holes that will result after the removal will be sealed with plastic caps to be forced into them. If it is not allowed to use the to lose sheath the Contractor must use spacers like Widman type bars or strips to be left stranded or partially embedded in the cast. In the latter case you should seal the two rooms using a conglomerate identical to that of the cast. In particular for the wood formwork contractor shall adhere to the following specific requirements: - Do not switch between them in the same casting, new boards and boards that were previously used, taking into account their different levels of absorption; - Wetting the formwork before casting in order to avoid contraction of the same product as a result of heating produced by the cement hydration; - Hammer and plaster the heads of the nails for assembly of the boards until they are in contact with the concrete being cast. Removal The timing of disarmament will be defined by the CM based on the needs of design and construction. Disarmament must take place gradually and in such a way as to avoid dynamic effects as required by the current law. In absence of specific testing of the resistance of the concrete, and under normal conditions, environmental and executive, of casting and maturation, should meet the following minimum time of disarmament, namely: - shores of formwork beams and pillars 3 days - reinforcement of small length slabs 10 days - supports and ribs of beams, arches and vaults 28 days In periods of frost or cold weather, the Contractor will have to extend the permanence in work of the forms over the time necessary to avoid thermal shock to the concrete surface and subsequent cracking of the casting. CHARGES ON THE CONTRACTOR FOR THE REINFORCED CONCRETE CASTING The Contractor shall interface with the main Contractor to agree in detail the procedures to follow on the construction site: the timing of implementation, in accordance with the general timing and logistics of construction, minimizing the risks from working. All charges related to the layouts are the responsibility of the Contractor. The trackings will be performed in accordance with the CM which shall still be informed about eventual marked differences, inaccuracies or errors to the necessary clarifications and provisions. For carrying out the tracking, the Contractor shall request the CM the main points of reference. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 21 The tolerance allowed for the tracking of the mesh axes will be ± 3 mm, however, any such errors in above the limits will be eliminated by the Contractor during the construction field by field, to avoid the summation of errors. The Contractor after delivery of the construction will promptly execute, within the period specified in the delivery stage: - Leveling of precision in order to lay the cornerstone of local height as a reference for subsequent measurements on elevation; on these cornerstones must be clearly visible and indelible data of orthogonal coordinates and elevation; - Relief, plane and in elevation, of the abutments, supported to previously established benchmarks; - Staking operations, including not only the points required but also intermediate points. The pickets should be reported to immovable points in order to be able to reconstruct the exact position in case of tampering. Each picket will be numbered. Milestones and pickets damaged or removed, even though by third parties, shall be immediately restored at the expense of the Contractor. The results of the relief and staking will be reported on special prepared reports a copy of which must be delivered to the Client and a copy kept on site. The CM reserves the right to control, both prior and during the execution of works, the operations executed by the Contactor. It remains, however, expressly stated that any testing will not relieve in any way the responsibility of the Contractor who will always be, to all intents and purposes, solely responsible. During these checks, however, the Contractor shall make available to the CM the staff and facilities they require. In the prices of the contract are included and compensated, among other things, all charges arising from the above requirements and the cost of aggregates, cement and all charges for packaging, transport, lifting, approach and casting performed at any depth and height, vibration and any use of thinners, retarders, accelerators and antifreeze products, fees and charges to the formation of the joints, as well as charges and expenses for all temporary works and scaffolding necessary for the execution of the works. And are also included, inter alia, charges and expenses for: - Installation of anchor bolts, anchor plates, grouting and all assistance to the assembly of metal structures; - Presence of rooms, openings, pipelines, niches, and more planned in the project; - Cleaning and surface preparation of the formwork before casting; - Protection and drying of castings; - Any use of pumps for the casts. Testing and trial Trial of the buildings The testing operations consists in checking for proper execution of work and his correspondence with the project data, performing load tests and carrying out any further investigation that the Inspector deems necessary. The load tests take place usually not earlier than 50 days from completion of the project for the conglomerates of normal hydraulic cement (Portland), blast furnace and pozzolanic, not earlier than 30 days for conglomerates of high alumina cement, and at seasoning more or less advanced in accordance with the scope and importance of the different parts of the loads. In tests, the building must be possibly loaded in the manner prescribed in the project and in general in order to determine the maximum stress or maximum strain. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 22 The reading of the measuring apparatus (flexometers or strainmeters) under load must be repeated until no further increases in the recordings. The reading of the permanent deformation after removal of the load, is also to be repeated until no further returns. When there is a significant permanent deformation, the load test must be repeated to establish the elastic behavior of the structure. The comparison between the elastic deformation (the difference between the maximum and permanent deformation) and the corresponding deformation calculated according to the specific regulation, provides the tester a basis for judging the stability of the work. Controls The Contractor shall take samples of concrete and steel reinforcement for acceptance tests of compressive strength on site in the manner and frequency specified in the current law. If the CM admits the acceleration of the aging by steam, the specimens must be stored under the same conditions of aging of the structures to which they relate. The Contractor shall record in the diary of the construction the date of taking of samples and the parts of the structure corresponding to the specimen. The Contractor must send samples to approved laboratories (costs borne by the Contractor) as defined in the regulation. Tolerance The tolerances for the finished concrete works will be as follows: - Cross-cutting of the elements 5 mm; - Upper height of slabs 5 mm; - Vertical height of the pillars and walls on one floor (1/1000 H), however, <10 mm; - Verticality of the pillars and walls on the building height (1/1000 x H), however, <10 mm. ELEMENTS OF DETAILS – METAL CARPENTRY The rules on the steel structures for civil engineering works, except those of a special nature for which exists a specific regulation, are contained in the current technical regulations. For buildings constructed in seismic zones refer to the requirements of the regulation containing the specific technical standards. Quality of the materials The characteristics of metallic materials used for the steel construction must be as prescribed by the regulation, which sets the quality and acceptance testing of materials. The materials must be new and free from visible and hidden defects. The Contractor shall submit to the Client copies of certificates of inspection and trial of steel, for what regards the mechanical properties, method of manufacture and the chemical composition, and is held in each case to ensure full compliance with the rules. It is permitted the use of special steels of different type from those of the project provided that they respect the following terms: - The mechanical properties of special steels must be clearly defined; - Special steels must be accompanied by proper documentation, theoretical and experimental, and must ensure a degree of safety not less than that required by the rules; - The use of special steels must be authorized by the Client. The bolted joints must be made with bolts of features to meet the standards prescribed. It will be delivered to the Construction Manager of the structures 3 copies of all certificates of origin of the materials provided. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 23 Ferrous materials and various metals The ferrous materials must have characteristics of high quality, be free of defects, waste, chipped edges, blowing, rubbing, burning, straw and any other apparent or latent defect of melting, rolling, drawing, forging and similar; must also be in excellent state of preservation and free of rust. Subjected to chemical analysis must be free of dirt and abnormal substances. Their micrographic structure must be such as to demonstrate the great success of the metallurgical process of manufacture and to prevent any deterioration resulting from the subsequent machining or hand operation that may impair its safe use. The materials to be placed in other structures or that need to be painted, must arrive on site protected by a coat of antirust. They must submit, according to the current local regulation, depending on their qualities, the requirement listed below. Iron The common iron must be of top quality, highly flexible and tough and with very prominent fibrous structure. It must be malleable, smooth to the outer surface, without cracks, welds or other interruptions. The use of iron round rods, where it was prior formed a layer of rust, must be authorized by the CM. Drawn steel or rolled mild steel For the first variety is required perfect malleability and ductility both in hot and cold conditions, so not to generate cracks or deterioration; it must also be weldable and not likely to take the tempering; at breaking will have to present bright and fine granular structure. The extra mild laminate steel must be highly malleable and soft, perfectly workable in cold and hot conditions, with no cracks or alterations; it must also be weldable and not likely to take the tempering. Molten cast steel The steel in castings for bearings, hinges, rollers and any other work, should be of top quality, free from blowholes and other defects. Drawn, profiled, rolled Shall be provided to any laboratory testing required in the Contract or by the CM, features no less than those prescribed by the rules for their acceptance; in particular iron rebars for reinforced concrete, of the various types considered, must be provided with the data testing of the manufacturer. From the traction strength tests should be obtained the following results: - For mild steel (iron basis): tensile strength between 42 and 50 kg/mm2, yield strength not less than 23 kg/mm2, elongation at break of not less than 20 per cent; - For ligatures or stirrups of pillars may use mild steel with tensile strength between 37 and 45 kg/mm2 without specifying the lower limit of yield; - For the semi-hard steel: tensile strength to strength between 50 and 60 kg/mm2, yield strength not less than 27 kg/mm2, elongation at break not less than 16%; - For the hard steel: tensile strength between 60 to 70 kg / mm ², yield strength of not less than 31 kg/mm², elongation at break not less than 14%. Lead, tin, copper and other metals or metal alloys to be used must be of the best quality, well-cast or rolled, depending on the kind of work they are intended for, and free from all impurities or defects which vitiate the form, or would affect the strength or duration. Type and mode of anchorage 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 24 It is the responsibility and charge of the Contractor to provide appropriate devices to allow the necessary and predictable corrections of position, plan and height, to execute the works to perfection. Modality of binding in foundations and in reinforced concrete cores The constraints to reinforced concrete structures in elevation will be made drawn bodies inserted in provided holes in the cast, or with appropriate clamps and plates embedded in the cast; to them are subsequently set the couplings of steel structures. The foundation works (and elevation) of reinforced concrete will be made, for this purpose, with the arrangements and details specified in special drawings supplied by the Contractor within the time schedule of deliveries. It is charged on the Contractor: - The sending on site, according to the time schedule, of the anchors of metal devices; - Checks before assembling, at its own expense and in contradiction with the Contractor in charge of the construction of reinforced concrete works, the position of horizontal and vertical alignment of the footings and foundations of civil works in general, on which will be placed the steel frames, ensuring perfect compliance of their designs or promptly reporting the existence of any error. The Contractor, once fulfilled such controls, declare to accept these works, thus becoming automatically liable for the consequences that, for a failure or improper testing, could be reflected in the assembly. Processing in workshop Notwithstanding that the Contractor is required to take appropriate technical and processing criteria, minimum requirements to which the contractor must follow are: Straightening Straightening and flattening, when necessary, must be exclusively performed by devices acting on pressure. Machining The cut surfaces can be rough, provided that they don’t show tearing, shooting, lack of material or burrs. It is admitted cutting by oxygen provided that is homogenous. The irregular cuts need to be retouched with grinders. It is admitted the cutting through sheet metal shears with a thickness ≤ 22 mm, while flame cutting is required for higher thickness. It is admitted cutting by shearing of rolled sections ≤150 mm; larger will be cut only by the saw. It is forbidden the use of the flame for the execution of drilling. When tightening the bolts must be used hand torque wrenches, with or without torque limiter mechanism, or wrenches with torque limiter, however, all must be such that accuracy of the torque is no less than ± 5%. Particular care should be taken in surface preparation and execution of bolting and friction. Welding Can be used the following procedures: - Automatic submerged arc welding; - Semi-automatic or automatic welding under protective gas (CO2 or mixtures thereof); - Manual metal arc welding with covered electrodes. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 25 For the use of automatic or semiautomatic welding methods the Contractor must demonstrate and document the approval of the proceedings obtained by authorized bodies and aiming to establish: - The ability to carry out the main types of joints provided in the structure to obtaining correct joint appearance and no appreciable internal defects, to be verified radiographically or with evidence of rupture on the joint; - The tensile strength of butt joints to be ascertained by the joint cross-tubes, and which must not be lower than that of the base material; - The ability of joint displacement, to be verified by cross-ply tubes that must be able to bend 180 ° on a mandrel equal to 3 times the thickness for steel Fe 360 and Fe 430 and 4 times the thickness for steel Fe 510 ; - Impact strength according to the local law on V-drawn specimens notched across the welded joint, resilience to be tested at +20 °C if the structure is to be used at temperatures greater or equal than 0 °C, and 0 °C in the case of use at lower temperatures. The specimens for tensile, bending, impact strength and possibly for other mechanical tests (if necessary) must be drawn from butt-welded and essays will be chosen in the most significant thickness of the structure. With each welding process Vickers hardness HV 30 in the heat affected zone of the base metal must not exceed the value of 3500 N/mm2, and when the need for thickness or room temperature so require, it will be necessary to apply a suitable preheating. The welds must be performed by adequately trained workers able to use the relating equipment, in compliance with the operating conditions laid down in the approval process. If the welding is done manually, will use only approved electrodes in accordance with the specific regulation, namely: - For steel Fe 360 and Fe 430 E 44 should be of the quality class 2, 3 or 4 (for thicknesses greater than 30 mm or temperatures below 0 °C, are allowed only electrodes of Class 4B) ; - For steel Fe 510 should be used electrode type E 52 class quality 3 or 4 (in the case of greater thicknesses of 20 mm or temperatures below 0 °C, are only allowed electrodes of Class 4 B). Welds to be carried out with coated electrodes must be performed by workers who have passed the qualification tests according to regulation standards for the class and for the type of electrode and the welding positions provided. In the case of tubular constructions is also referred to the regulation for butt joints. It is not allowed the use of non-basic electrode for welding if not for secondary elements and not committed elements. The electrodes must be dried in an oven at a temperature of 420 °C for two and a half hours and stored in sealed containers until their use. Welding executive techniques Welds on high thickness require preheating of the part on which the weld is performed. If the pieces present no traces of moisture, however, must be given the amount of heat necessary to eliminate it. The appearance of the welds should be reasonably smooth and show no abrupt discrews with the base metal. Should be taken the most appropriate welding sequences and boundary conditions, in order to reduce as much as possible the residual stresses from welding and facilitate the performance of welded joints; should also be observed the requirements for the local preheating in relation to the thickness, types of steel and the temperature during construction. The surface of each pass must be freed from slag before it is carried out subsequent passes, the slag must also be removed locally at the recovery of a single pass. In manual welding it must prevent ignition of the electrodes on the elements near the joint. The ends of the weld butt joints, in automatic and semiautomatic welding, must always be done on extensions; in the case of manual welding it should be done at least for the joints of I class. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 26 In butt joints, and in those T with a full penetration made played with manual welding, the top of the seal must always be removed to the depth necessary to reach the metal perfectly healthy by chipping, grinding or other appropriate system before taking the recovery.Pre-assembling in workshop For very complex structure should be carried out the rough cut test in the workshop prior to dispatch at the foot of work. In this case, the assembly can also be done in stages, provided that all the connection are checked. In the case of complex structures constructed in series it is sufficient the test assembly of one sample, provided that the drilling is done with mask or equivalent processes (such as drilling in-line with numerical control). Marking and shipping of the elements On all the pre-fabricated elements in the workshop or on the structural assemblies per-assembled in the workshop and so shipped, must appear legibly the positions and brand identification, as required by constructive drawings and installation drawings. These identification codes will be printed using a stamp or mechanical marked with waterproof paint and still legible. Materials such as minute rods, brackets, plates and bolts, etc.. Will be shipped \"bundling\" in packages properly marked with identification features, or stowed in boxes or containers, depending on the size. Assembling on site The installation of the structures will be made with staff, work vehicles and equipment owned by the Contractor, and will be conducted under its full and unconditional responsibility in accordance with the schedule of time provided for in the program. Construction site and praticability of the areas The Contractor will declare to have the exact vision of the building sites and to accept any subjections, limitations and constraints that can result for the works for the particular conditions of the site and the eventual contemporary execution of other construction works or supply awarded to others, in the picture of the general program approved with the CM. Site area for storage or barracks, passable and viable, will be made promptly available to the Contractor. Electricity and water supply Electricity and water will be made available in gripping, located in number and distance from the assembling site, at the discretion of the Client, remaining on charge on the Contractor the charges for distribution networks and connections. The costs of supplying electricity and water will be borne by the Client. Working site management The Contractor is obliged to notify by letter and before the opening of the site, the name of the technical director and the construction site manager. Subcontractors have to be approved by the Client. Staff responsible for the site must be fully informed on the rules and conditions governing the contract and be in possession of a copy of the contract and the rules mentioned in it. The development of the works will be done by appropriate and efficient means, and responsible and trained personnel. The number of workers and lifting or carrying out means must ensure the fittings on time. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 27 Insurance Machinery and site equipment, materials and scaffolding must be secured by the Contractor against risk of fire and lightning. The Contractor will in any event liable for damage caused to third parties for incompetence, negligence or carelessness of its employees, as well as for non-compliance or breach of security or supervision rules dictated by laws or regulations. The Contractor shall prove, when writing the report for the beginning of the works, he had signed with a major insurance company a policy with adequate limits to the amount of the work, and also undertakes to provide the reasons their adjustment behind direct request of the Client. What is not in any way, however, relieve the contractor from his liability for damage to property or persons arising from the execution of the work. Protections for the structures The frame and hardware will be protected by galvanizing, where painting is not provided. Additional charges during tender When submitting the bid the contractor shall consider the following conditions and requirements: - Along with the bid the Contractor shall provide the Client the following documents: - Sampling of typical supply proposal; - Typical sections in detail; - The Contractor shall submit in the bid, a detailed description of the materials they wish to use and the pose methods that they will use for the execution of works. Charges on the contractor for metal carpentry The contractor is obliged to ensure the fulfillment of the formalities prescribed by the law with the delivery to the municipal offices of the necessary documentation. The Contractor is also required to submit workshop drawings for approval, indicating profiles, sections, dimensions, the geometric dimensions and all the fundamental information useful to detect the specific structure. The approval without comment or approval \"with note\" will be given in the manner provided for in the contract. If the approval is not given, due to proven breaches of the Contractor, he must resubmit corrected documentation within the terms stipulated in the contract and until approval obtained. Remains at the risk of the Contractor to undertake the work, purchase of materials, services, processes or other operations, before obtaining such approval. Workshop drawings The workshop drawings represent a development in detail of the elements depicted in the project drawings. The workshop drawings will include the development in detail of all the structure nodes with the size of plates, bolts, nuts, and welds. In these the individual pieces to be built in the workshop are marked with numbers, indicating the \"position\shop floor. Assembling drawings (eventual) These are drawings of synthesis, which give the appropriate information to facilitate on site assembly. Additional charges 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 28 All charges and additional services listed below are covered by the Contractor and shall therefore be made at the expense of the same, according to the needs and the work sequences. These charges are therefore deemed to be paid with the unit price of the supply. Are part and parcel of delivery: - The full supply, including scrap and zinc, steel structures, prefabricated in the workshop, bolts, electrodes and more that are used to make the work complete in all its parts; - Assembly of the structures mentioned above, according to the program of work; - All temporary works and scaffolding necessary for the execution of works. Tests and trials Acceptance criteria The works performed will be considered accepted only if they meet the requirements of paragraphs relating to the materials and the works execution. Must be verified that the works satisfy what is required in the drawings, both in terms of shapes and for the accuracy of the required measures. All structures must be executed so as to be perfectly homogeneous, well connected and aligned in horizontal and vertical, with no sharp edges or corners. Are allowed tolerances of 1‰ (one thousand) over the length of each element of structure, both vertically and horizontally, avoiding that the margins between adjacent elements sum up. Disalignments of the columns must not exceed 3.5‰ (3.5 per thousand) of the floor height, and 1,5‰ (1.5 per thousand) of the total height of the building. Tests on materials Upon entry of materials in the workshop, they must be accompanied by certificates of chemical analysis and mechanical tests issued by the foundries. Such documentation will be delivered to the CM. It can be made by the Construction Management a sample of at least two 50 cm long specimen for each type of profile, sheet, etc.. And at least one bolt every 100 used in the construction. For this purpose, the Contractor shall promptly notify the Client and the CM of the arrival of materials. The samples will be used to run tests on material as specified in the regulations and in particular: - Tensile test with determination of the tensile yield strength and elongation on a short specimen; - Bend test; - Strength test; - Chemical analysis to determine the main components: C, Mn, Si, S, P. In order to control the weldability of the structures to be welded and the quality of the electrodes that are to be used, at least 3 samples of 50 cm must be taken from that structure; these will be cut in half length, properly prepared and welded at the presence of a representative of the Client, using the same electrodes which are to be used. These samples will be used for tensile and bending tests on welded specimens; will also be requested the testing tube (at least 2) from material filler. The burden of evidence listed above, to be made in an official laboratory, in compliance with the current law, will be borne by the Contractor. Controls and tolerances The Client reserves the right to proceed in progress and/or at the completion of the works with controls on the structures, for which the Contractor is required to make available, at its own care and expense, personnel, equipment, scaffolding and more that is needed to be able to make the checks, according to the acceptance criteria described above. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 29 The damages that result from not respecting the above tolerances will be charged on the Contractor. The Contractor will, becoming responsible for it, control the positioning of the bolts in the foundation in cross-examination with the construction company responsible for the foundations, before they are permanently sealed. Before the assembling the Contractor shall at his own expense review the plan-position difference of footings and foundation of civil works in general, on which will be positioned the steel structures, ensuring their perfect correspondence with the drawings or promptly reporting the existence of any error. The contractor, once made the check, declares the acceptance of civil works themselves and thereby automatically becomes responsible for the consequences that, for a failure or an improper control, may be reflected in the assembly. Any burden on that basis will continue to be at the sole responsibility of the Contractor. The test in question and all of the foregoing are also referring to attacks on vertical bodies of structures in reinforced concrete, and what is to be made on prepared openings in the walls or plates or similar pre-anchored in the walls themselves. Static test The fees for testing are paid by the Client. Will be allowed free access to inspectors anywhere in the workshop that has relation to the supply and must be given all assistance requested by the inspectors and testers by the Contractor. The inspections and tests of strength and stability of structures made of steel will be undertaken in accordance with the current rules. If requested by the CM, the evaluation of the characteristics of the materials can be performed in support of breaking tests of the samples, even with non-destructive method, in work in progress or at the stage of final testing (ultrasound, x-rays). In load tests, if required by the CM and/or by the tester, must be used, especially for steel structures, equipment for surveying, as well as moves, deformation (extensometers electrical or mechanical and electromechanical). These tests should be integrated with a specific control of welds to be implemented with current methods such as ultrasound, radiography and penetrant liquids. Warranties The duration of the warranty required is intended as the time period within which the Contractor is asked to intervene for those repairs or renovations that are necessary for reasons attributable to the contractor itself. The warranty relates only to the corrosion protection, meaning with corrosion the alteration of the metal support and therefore does not affect the normal degradation of aesthetic characteristics of the film (the point of color, brightness, etc.). When the quality of the product to be applied is required by the Client, this does not limit the liability of the Contractor and therefore does not affect or reduce the warranty. The warranty does not cover accidental degradation, abnormal or incidental and the warranty period starts after the award of the employment by the Client. For ferrous metals such degradations are given by the presence of rust between the support and the paint film, visible through the coating itself, even when have not been compromised the continuity, or by appearance of pitting corrosion that has destroyed in its full thickness the continuity of the paint film. The reference generally adopted is that of the degrees of the European scale of degree of rusting for anti-rust paint. The warranty covers the supply and application. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 30 The quantities of steel work (carpentry) and iron structures are approximate and must be calculated in detail. 09038 Brembo s.p.a. Technical specification 09038-SP04 Opere civili uff-rep_rev01_ENG 12/10/2010 Pag. 31 BID TABULATION CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY Excavations and backfillings Concrete foundations Impermeabilization Masonry with concrete blocks Metallic carpentry Industrial floors (restore) Plastering and painting Resin Eletric installations Mechanical systems Stairs AMOUNT TOTAL AMOUNT Date Signature and Stamp